Dr. H. Krabbe on the Cestoid Worms of the Bustard. 49 



the Vienna catalogue* it is stated that the tapeworm was 

 found once in seven times in Otis tarda, and it is referred to 

 T. infiindihidiformis. 



In the above-mentioned bustard from Kjasrbolling's zoologi- 

 cal garden there was, besides T. villosa, another in many re- 

 spects very remarkable tapeworm, to the number of several 

 hundreds. As it is not very different in breadth from T. vil- 

 losa, I first observed it when, long after collecting it, I under- 

 took a closer examination of the latter worm. It was 20-30 

 millims. in length. There was no head with the usual organs 

 of adhesion, and I therefore thought at first that it had been lost. 

 Probably, however, that is not the case, partly because there 

 is no trace of lesion to be seen, and partly, which is of great 

 importance, because in all specimens the anterior extremity 

 behaves in the same peculiar fashion, having a very singular 

 structure. The number of joints varied from thirty to rather 

 more than one hundred ; but the length of the tapeworm held 

 no proportion to this number. The six or seven joints which 

 constitute the anterior part present in all the same appearance : 

 they are, like the rest, compressed ; but both their posterior 

 angles stand out at the sides as saddle-shaped membranous 

 fingers, which are largest upon the middlemost of these joints, 

 but become lost behind, the superior joints passing evenly into 

 the following ones. In the middle region of the worm the 

 male sexual apparatus was generally well developed ; and 

 along one margin the sexual organs showed themselves pro- 

 truding upon a larger or smaller number (up to about twenty) 

 of segments, most strongly upon the middlemost of these, 

 whilst they were more or less retracted upon the foremost and 

 hindmost of them. The sexual organ (the protruded spermatic 

 duct) is cylindrical, comparatively large, namely 0'046 millim. 

 in diameter, and as much as 0"5 millim. in length ; its surface 

 has a readily perceptible covering of fine spines, in regularly 

 crossing rows. If the spermatic duct be traced into the joint, 

 it is seen to bend backward and form a loop. From the sexual 

 orifice an elongated oval sac extends forward. In the posterior 

 part of the joint two pretty sharply defined roundish organs 

 are observed, and between these a third, less considerable one. 

 The joints now increase in size posteriorly ; and in the posterior 

 there were, in several of the worms, thinly membranous round 

 ova, with hooked embryos of 0"014-0*016 millim. in length; 

 these joints, which were more elongated, had a dilatation 



* Westrumb, De Ilelininthibus acautlioceplialis. Coiniiieiitatio h'storico- 

 anatomica aduexo recensu animalium, in Museo Vindoboneiisi circa Ilel- 

 niiiithes dissectorum, et singulanmi specieruin liamm iu illis repertanim 

 (Hauoveraj, 1821), p. 73. 



Ann, tO Mag. Nat. Hist, Ser. 4. Vol, iv. 4 



