278 Rev. A. M. Norman on the Genus Haliphysema. 
above and Wyvilletomsonia Wallichii, P. Wright. . The 
apparent resemblance is a mere matter of isomorphism. Any 
spongologist looking at Stewart’s beautiful figure illustrating 
Wright’s paper will at once see that he has a sponge 
before him, that the spicula are in natural position in the 
tissues, and the whole spicules are those of Tistphonia 
agariciformis, Wyv. Thomson, of which I agree with Mr. 
Carter in considering Wright’s little sponge to be the 
young stage. ‘The aspect of H. echinoides is wholly dif- 
ferent; the spicules are stuck into the tissues as adornments or 
objects of defence, and clearly have just as much connexion 
with the animal that wears them as the upstanding feathers of 
the head-dress of a Red Indian have with the man who puts 
them on. It is true that H. echinoides has appropriated, for 
the most part, the spicula of Wyvilletomsonia or of some 
closely allied corticate sponge; but mixed with these are the 
spheroids of a G'eodia, together with some recurvo-ternates, 
which, from the robust character of their prongs, also seem 
referable to the latter genus. 
4, Haliphysema globigerina, Haeckel. 
2G Haliphysema globigerina, Haeckel, Biologische Studien, p. 189, 
pl. xi. 
“‘ Body of person pear-shaped, attached by a very slender 
and long pedicel. Pedicel solid, cylindrical, conically widened 
above, about 4—6 times as long, but scarcely one tenth as wide 
as body. Body-cayity pear-shaped. Mouth-opening simple. 
Extraneous bodies, which incrust the exoderm, composed of 
the elements of deep-sea mud, consisting in the body-wall 
chiefly of Rhizopod shells, in the pedicel chiefly of coccoliths 
and coccospheres.”’ 
Hab. “ North Atlantic Ocean (Randropp)” (Haeckel). 
The above species differs entirely from the rest in its selec- 
tion of shells of Foraminifera, Polycystina, Coccoliths, and 
Coccospheres as the strengthening material of its body-wall, 
which exhibits, on the other hand, a total absence of sponge- 
spicules. 
I am strongly reminded by this species of an approaching 
isomorph found in deep water in the Atlantic, and which 
Mr. H. B. Brady proposes to describe under the name ‘ Hy- 
perammina,” on account of its pestle-like form. There can, 
however, I think, be no doubt that Hyperammina is a fora- 
minifer. The expanded extremity has no mouth-opening ; 
and the colour of the walls, which consist entirely of sand- 
grains, is, as in many other arenaceous Foraminifera, ferru- 
ginous. 
