284 Rey. A. M. Norman on the Architectural 
embryo stage; and the form of that incipient canal-system 
is remarkably like the chamber left in the semiseptate dome 
at the base of Haliphysema. I may add, when referring to 
Barrois, that at pl. xiii. fig. 15 he gives a capital illustration 
of pseudopodial action in the young of Grantia compressa—an 
additional witness to what I have stated in the earlier part of 
this paper, that the protrusion of psendopodial processes in 
Haliphysema is no proof whatever that it is not a sponge. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVI. 
Fig. 1. Haliphysema confertum, Norman, X 40. 
Fig. 2. Haliphysema confertum, Norman, a single individual separated 
from the group, X 150. : 
Fig. 8. Technitella legumen, Norman, x 40. 
Fig. 4. Technitella legumen, Norman, anterior portion, x 40. 
Fig. 5. Technitella melo, Norman, x 100. 
Fig. 6. Technitella melo, Norman, posterior portion, x 40. 
Fig. 7. Marsipella elongata, Norman, X 100. 
XXXI.—On the Architectural Achievements of little Masons, 
Annelidan (?) and Rhizopodan, in the Abyss of the At- 
lantic. By the Rev. A. M. Norman, M.A. 
No group of Invertebrata has received more important addi- 
tions through the recent dredgings in the North Atlantic than 
the Arenaceous Foraminifera. ‘The mode of incorporation of 
extraneous material in the tests of these and of other Rhizo- 
poda, and also in the tubes of what are presumed to be cases 
of minute Annelids, is not only marvellously beautiful, but 
appears also to be almost endlessly diversified. The power of 
selection evidenced is truly wonderful: from the same ground, 
and therefore from the midst of the same material for use, I 
have seen as many as seventeen different species, each of which 
has a specific individuality of its own in the choice and mode 
of appropriation of the particles, whether of mineral or organic 
origin, which it selects from the mud—and this wholly apart 
from characters which depend on the form of the one or more 
chambers which constitute the animal or tube. _ ‘l'o exemplify 
my meaning I will throw the classes of diversity into tabular 
form, so as to give some slight idea of the varied ways in which 
these clever little artificers set about their work and construct 
their dwellings. 
A. Material chosen by the Artificers. 
1. Coarse sand-grains, almost entirely of quartz. 
2. Medium-sized quartz-grains. 
