On Races of Herring observed in the Sound. 295 
ded by a black line; apical border pale tawny ; fringe alter- 
nately sordid white and grey: secondaries with the costa pale, 
fringe as in primaries: body blackish, collar black, prothorax 
and base of abdomen crossed by white belts. Under surface 
fuliginous, costa of primaries streaked and spotted with 
ochreous; a black oval spot in the cell, and a fusiform spot 
closing the cell, both bordered with creamy white ; fringe as 
above. Expanse, ¢ 1 inch 1 line, 2 1 inch 4 lines. 
Yokohama (Jonas). 
152. Capnodes cremata, n. sp. 
Shining slaty grey, becoming brown towards the borders, 
crossed by two central parallel sinuous lines of black spots ; 
a discal series of white dots parallel to the outer line, and ter- 
minating near anal angle of secondaries in a white W-shaped 
character; outer margin undulated, black, spotted with white, 
and followed on the fringe by a continuous series of black 
crescents; fringe also blackish externally, particularly on 
primaries; costa of primaries irrorated with testaceous and 
crossed by four or five angular spots of the same colour, from 
the outermost of which (a >-shaped marking) runs a zigzag 
pale greyish, black-edged line across the disk: secondaries 
with a discal series of black-edged testaceous spots: body 
greyish brown, thorax slaty grey. Under surface fuliginous, 
crossed by two central angulated dusky lines; a pale discal 
line; outer margin dusky, fringe greyish; discocellulars 
blackish; primaries with three decreasing whitish spots on 
apical half of costal margin ; tarsi black, banded with whitish. 
Expanse, ¢ 1 inch 3 lines, ? 1 inch 5 lines. 
Yokohama (Jonas). 
XXXIITI.—On Races of Herring observed in the Sound. 
By G. WINTHER*. 
THE common herring occurs along the coasts of the Kattegat, 
through the Sound, the Belts, and a large portion of the 
Baltic, in several varieties, distinguished by the size and rela- 
tive proportions of their body, as well as by their habits of 
life. In this respect the Sound offers some peculiarities on 
account of its constituting a connecting water between the 
Baltic and the North Sea, of which the Kattegat is a depen- ~ 
dency. There are three distinct races of herrings in the 
* Extract of a paper in the ‘ Nordisk Tidsskrift for Fiskeri’ (Copen- 
hagen, 1876). 
