84 GAMES OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS _ [eru. ann. 24 
with sticks, the contestants determining the number of points necessary to win 
before commencing to play. 
Prenogscor. Maine. (Cat. no. 16551, Free Museum of Science and 
Art, University of Pennsylvania.) 
Set of counting sticks of unpainted white wood (figure 74), copied at 
the Chicago Exposition by a Penob- 
scot Indian from those in a set of 
gaming implements, consisting of dice, 
counters, and bowl, there exhibited by 
the late Chief Joseph Nicolar, of Old- 
town. The latter kindly furnished the 
DD Pp 
Fia. 74. Counting sticks for dice 
game; Penobscot Indians, Maine; 
ca no. 16551, Free Museum of Fig. 75. Limestone disks, possibly used in game; — 
Science and Art, University of a linch in diameter,b { inch in diameter; Nottawa- 
Pennsylvania. saga, Ontario. Archeological Museum, Toronto. 
writer the following account of the game under the name of werlarda- 
harmungun : 
The buttons used as dice in this game are made from the shoulder blade of 
a moose, the counters of cedar wood. The latter are fifty-five in number, fifty- 
one being rounded splints about 6 inches in length, three flat splints of the same 
length, and one made in a zigzag shape. A soft bed is made in the ground or on 
the floor for the dish to strike on. Two persons having been selected to play 
the game, they seat themselves opposite to each other. The buttons are placed in 
the dish, and it is tossed up and brought down hard upon its soft bed. If five of 
the six buttons have the same side up, the player takes three round splints; but 
if the entire six turn the same side up, it is called a double, and the player takes 
one of the flat ones. The game is continued until all the counters are drawn. 
It might naturally be inferred that remains of the bone disks used 
in the bowl game would be found 
in our archeological museums, but 
as yet I have not met with any. 
On the other hand, small disks of 
pottery and of stone, frequently 
marked on one face, are not un- 
Fia.76. Bonestick dice; length, Sinches; Pie. COMMmon, and are usually classified 
gan Indians, Alberta; cat. no, 69356, Field as gaming implements. I am in- 
ee Yas a debted to Mr David Boyle, cura- 
tor of the Archeological Museum, Toronto, for the sketch (figure 75) 
representing a small disk of soft white limestone from Nottawasaga, 
Ontario, in his collection, engraved with a cross on one side and a 
similar disk with a cross on both sides. 
Precan. Alberta. (Cat. no. 69356, Field Columbian Museum.) 
Set of four bone staves, 8 inches in length, marked with incised lines, 
in two pairs, one with chevrons in red and the other with crosses 
qe {x 
