392 GAMES OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS  [pru. ann. 24 
seribes them under the name of hoksila itazipa. Speaking of the 
boys,? he says: 
They play at! duels, and the targets for archery are arrows, cactus plants, or 
the dead body of a small animal. 
Fig. 506. Toy bow and arrow; length of bow, 30 inches; length of arrow, 18 inches; Oglala 
Dakota Indians, Pine Ridge reservation, South Dakota; cat. no. 22130, Free Museum of Science 
and Art, University of Pennsylvania. 
Daxora (Teron). Pine Ridge reservation, South Dakota. (Cat. 
no. 73$;, American Museum of Natural History.) 
Bow and five arrows with wooden points, collected by Dr J. R. 
Walker. 
One arrow is painted black, and is shot upward so that it falls point down. 
The player then shoots at it with his other arrows, having four trials. 
Doctor Walker? describes the game of coat shooting, waskate ogle 
cekutepi, as played by men in which an arrow painted black or 
wrapped with a black strip of buckskin, or having a tag attached to 
it, called ogle, coat, is shot high into the air so that it will fall from 
50 to 75 yards away. Then the players stand and shoot at it with 
bow and arrow. 
——— South Dakota. 
Rev. J. Owen Dorsey ¢ describes the following archery games: 
Chun’kshila wanhin’kpe un’pi,.Game with bows and small arrows.—These 
arrows are made of green switches, before the leaves fall in the autumn. The 
end of each switch-arrow is charred to a point, and when it hits the bare skin it 
gives pain. The boys used to shoot these arrows at the dogs when they went for 
water. Played by boys in autumn. 
Tachaghu yuha shkatapi, Game with buffalo lights.—The boys used to assem- 
ble at the place where they killed the buffalo, and one of them would take a strip 
of green hide, to which the lights were attached, and drag the latter along the 
ground to serve as a mark for the rest. As he went along, the others shot at 
the lights. Sometimes the boy stood still, grasping a long withe fastened to 
the lights, which he swung round and around his head as he passed around the 
circle of players, who shot at the lights. Now and then, when a boy sought to 
recover his arrow, the other boy would strike him on the head with the lights, 
eovering him with blood, after which he would release the player. Sometimes 
the boy holding the lights would break off all the arrows which were sticking 
therein, instead of allowing their owners to reclaim them. 
Pezhi yuskil’skil kutépi, They shoot at grass tied tightly in bunches. Played 
by the larger boys. Grass is wrapped around a piece of bark till it assumes an 
oval shape, both ends of the grass being secured together. The grass ball thus 
*Ogalala Games. Bulletin of the Free Museum of Science and Art, v. 3, pp. 34, 43, 
Philadelphia, 1901. 
*Sioux Games. Journal of American Folk-Lore, v. 19, p. 82, 1906. 
° Games of Teton Dakota Children. 'The American Anthropologist, v. 4, pp. 337, 339, 
340, 341, 1891. 
