CULIN] HOOP AND POLE: APACHE 455 
buckskin thong, stretched across the ring, is wound its entire length with cord. 
The center wrap is made larger than the others. These wraps are called beads, 
because originally beads were used instead of the wrapping cords. These beads 
are counted to 50 in descending 
* order on each side of the center. 
Sometimes there are more than 
fifty turns, but only this number 
is counted. They are not touched 
by the hand in counting, but are 
pointed to with a straw by the 
player. They are always counted 
by twos. With the center bead 
the fifty beads on each side make 
101 counts on the diameter of the 
wheel. The edges on both sides 
of the circumference of the hoop 
are notched with nine cuts, 
which, with the two sinew wrap- 
pings, are used in counting. The 
space, A—B, between the places 
where the ends are lashed counts 
1; and each of the notches, 2, 3, Fra. 59%. Hoop for pole game; White Mountain 
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, around the Apache Indians, Arizona; from sketch by Albert B. 
Reagan. 
ring, 1; making 11 counts, or a 
total of 112 counts on the hoop. With the 9 counts on the butt there is a total 
of 121 counts in the game; the players learn to count, most of them being able 
to count to 1,000 in their own language. In rolling the hoop, it is held verti- 
cally between the thumb and second finger of the right hand, resting on the 
FiG.5%. Counting points in pole game; White Mountain Apache Indians, Arizona; from sketch 
by Albert B. Reagan. 
extended index finger, over which it rolls when it is dispatched. If it is seen 
to be rolling wide of the furrows, it is sometimes guided to its place by one of 
the poles. On entering a furrow the loose hay retards its speed and it falls 
over, only to be slid under the hay by the well-directed poles. If it fails to 
