CULIN] HOOP AND POLE: YOKUTS 483 
Ring (figure 632), wrapped with bast cord, 24 inches in diameter, 
described by the collector, Dr J. W. Hudson, as used as a moving 
target for arrows under the name of takumship,* “ wheel roll.” 
Fig. 632. Ring and arrow; diameter of ring, 2) inches; Pitkachi Indians, Fresno county, Cali- 
fornia; cat. no. 70892, Field Columbian Museum. 
Four play. One man rolls the ring by two opponents, one of whom shoots 
at it with a blunt arrow with a bow, tii-lip. If he knocks it over, it counts 1 
point: if he transfixes it, 10. Each part of the arrows used in this game. which 
are 30 inches long, has a name quite different from those of war, small game, 
or flight arrows. ‘The foreshaft is literally “come to us.” The shaft is literally 
“tied together” or “links.” The feathers are literally “ appointed season.” 
I could get no light on the reason for so naming them. 
Table mountain, Fresno county, California. 
Dr J. W. Hudson describes the following game under the name 
of xalau: 
Two or more men stand before a brush wall or strip of matting, etc., some 
10 feet tall, each armed with a 7-foot spear of Prunus demissa wood. Each 
spear is highly decorated with covert feathers from the gray-head eagle and 
painted. The umpire casts over his spear which sticks in the ground. A 
player casts after it, trying to make his spear-feathers strike those of the 
umpire. All follow in order, and the successful caster is assured luck in war 
or hunting. A wide cast implies catastrophe or death to the caster, who at 
once makes a new spear and tries “stronger” medicine feathers. This is a 
ceremonial game of much significance to warriors. 
Yaupancui. (See page 501.) 
Yoxuts. Tule River reservation, Tulare county, California. (Cat. 
no. 70402, 70403, Field Columbian Museum.) . 
Hoop of fiber, wrapped with buckskin, 44 inches in diameter; and 
maple-wood lance (figure 633), about 8 feet long, sharpened at 
the point and marked with red stripes at the end. Collected 
by Dr J. W. Hudson, who thus describes the game under the 
name of hotush: 
Fic. 633. Ring and pole; diameter of ring, 4) inches; length of pole,& feet; Yokuts Indians, Tule 
River reservation, Tulare county, California; cat. no. 70402, 70403, Field Columbian Museum. 
Played by four players, two on a side. One player casts the hoop, to-ko-in ho- 
tush, and his partner casts his lance so that the hoop will fall on it. If he is 
successful, and the hoop rests entirely on the lance, not touching the ground, 
he wins the game. If the hoop rests half on the ground, it counts 1. The game 
is also won at a throw by impaling the ring. Twelve counters are used. The 
*The etymology of this name is probably not pure Mariposan, part of which seems 
derived from a northern stock. (J. W. H.) 
> Tribe extinct. 
