504 GAMES OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS  [brH. any. 24 
flag. The game is called painyankapi, and is described by the col- 
lector, Mr Louis L. Meeker," as follows: 
The implements consist of a hoop rather more than 2 feet in diameter, 
cangleska [figure 664], bent into shape and fastened when green, and two pairs 
of throwing sticks [figure 666], painyankapi, about 40 inches in length, wrapped 
with thongs, by which each pair is loosely coupled together, so that in the 
middle they are about a span apart. Each pair bears a small flag, blue or 
black on one pair, and red or yellow on the other. The hoop is made of a 
straight ash stick, 14 inches in diameter at the larger end, and is “as long as 
the tallest man.” The hoop bears four flattened spaces on each side at equi- 
distant points. [Figure 665.] Two players, representing two sides, throw 
two pairs of sticks at the hoop as it rolls past, and the counting is according 
to the marked or flattened space that lies upon the javelin after the hoop falls. 
The first mark from the junction, a, is called the butt or stump (can huta), 
and counts 10; the next, b, is black (sapa), and counts 20; the next, cc, the 
fork (okaja), counts 10, and the next, d, called marks (icazopi), counts 20. 
When the stick falls across the butt and the fork, it is called sweepstakes. 
The game is for 40 points. Painyankapi was sometimes called the buffalo 
game. It is said to have been played to secure success in the buffalo hunt. 
The hoop figuratively represents the horns of a buffalo and the bone that sup- 
ports them. 
Playing the game is called “shooting the buffalo.” Again the hoop repre- 
sents an encampment of all the Dakota tribes, and the chief’s family learn 
to locate all different tribes upon it. Or it was supposed to represent the 
rim of the horizon and the four quarters of the earth. The spaces marked 
are the openings or passes into the circle of the camp. They also represent 
the four winds and are invoked as such by the thrower before he throws. 
In time of much sickness the camp was ranged in two columns, the hoop 
painted black on one side and red on the other, the sticks painted, two red and 
two black, and the hoop rolled between the two ranks four times, and then 
earried away and left in some remote place to bear away the sickness. It was 
rolled “ toward the whites,” i. e., south. 
The Lakota word for hoop is cangleska. It means spotted wood. No other 
term for hoop is in use. It follows that the hoop for which all other hoops 
are named, was spotted. This applies especially to the conjurer’s hoop, colored 
in yellow,’ red, white, and blue or black as is convenient, to represent the four 
quarters of the earth. This hoop is laid upon the ground in the medicine 
lodge, and after necessary ceremonies, the lights are extinguished, when a noise 
of eating is heard, and a ring cut from a pipe pumpkin, previously placed within 
the hoop for the purpose, is supposed to be deyoured by the Wasicun©¢ con- 
jured up by the ceremonies. 
Cat. no. 22109. Ring of sinew (figure 667), wrapped with a thong, 34 
inches in diameter, painted red. 
Cat. no. 22110. <A stick 394 inches in length, the end lashed with 
a curved piece of sapling with the points turned toward the 
«QOgalala Games. Bulletin of the Free Museum of Science and Art, v. 8, p. 23, Phil- 
adelphia, 1901. 
>The yellow is always placed north, but the other colors vary. 
e¢The term Wasicun, now universally given to white men, means a superior and mys- 
terious being. 
