518 GAMES OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS [ETH. ANN. 24 
using them as spears, alternately try to drive one of them between the adver- 
sary’s posts, or stick it into the ground beyond, so that it would rest on their 
tops. Each boy would then bid a certain number of L!al stalks, and after they 
had used up all of their spears, he who scored the most hits won all that had 
been put up by his adversary. If he were one point ahead, he got nothing more ; 
but if he were two points ahead, he won as much again; if he were three points 
ahead, twice as much, and so on. 
“Knocking something over by shooting” (Te !itgada’ldana).—This was 
played by older people. Toward the end of spring a crowd would go out and 
set up a piece of board about 3 inches wide and 4 feet high. Then, forming 
a line some distance away, they would shoot at it with blunt arrows in succes- 
sion, beginning at one end. He who struck the stake first won all of the arrows 
shot that time around, except the others that struck. Each person had one shot 
at every round. Sometimes they played against each other by companies, of 
which there might be as many as five or six. Indeed, a whole town often seems 
to have turned out, and the resulting contests to have extended over a long 
period of time. Toward the end some of the players, their supply of arrows 
being exhausted, would be compelled to manufacture new ones, often of 
inferior make. Two of these had to be paid in as an equivalent for one of the 
better class. For some religious reason they ceased playing with arrows as 
soon as winter began. 
*Xatxadi’da (perhaps a name for the pieces of spruce bark used in it).—This 
game was played in the spring. Two boys provided themselves with ten pieces 
of spruce bark apiece, each of which was doubled over and fastened along one 
edge. The opposite edge was the one on which they were to stand. Then they 
were set up in a row upon the ground, and the players endeavored to drive the 
same spears as those used in the previous game into each of them. He who first 
sent a spear into each of his opponent’s pieces of bark won, although the oppo- 
nent was sometimes allowed to have additional pieces. 
. 
TANOAN STOCK 
Ticua. Isleta, New Mexico. (Cat. no. 22727, Free Museum of Sci- 
ence and Art, University of Pennsylvania.) 
Ring of cotton cloth (figure 681), closely wrapped with a buckskin 
thong, 9} inches in diameter and 1} inches thick. The interior 
is divided into four quarters by two two-ply twisted thongs 
fastened to the interior and crossing at right angles. Five 
leather thongs are attached on each side of one of these radial 
thongs, above and below. The exterior of the ring is painted 
red, yellow, and blue; red on the sides, then a yellow band, with 
blue on the edge. 
Two poles (figure 681), one 57 and the other 60 inches in length, 
painted red two-thirds of their length, with blue running zigzag 
over the red. Eight long buckskin thongs are fastened at a 
point 14 inches from the end of each pole, and again the same 
number at another point, 33 inches from the end. 
These were collected by the writer in 1902. 
The ring is called mar-kur, and the poles shi-a-fit, spears. The 
ring is rolled, and the poles are hurled at it. The counts are made 
