750 GAMES OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS  [2TH. Ann, 24 
in length. Still another similar top, collected by the writer in 1902, 
is in the Free Museum of Science and Art of the University of Penn- 
sylvania (cat. no. 22603). The tops are spun with a cord. The name 
was given to the writer as moktatonai. : 
BULL-ROARER 
The bull-roarer, or whizzer, used ceremonially by the Hopi, Zuni, 
Navaho, Apache, and other tribes, is employed in the same form as 
a child’s toy, the latter being presumably borrowed from the imple- 
ment used in religious rites. A few examples will suffice. 
SIOUAN STOCK 
Daxora (Oetata). Pine Ridge reservation, South Dakota. (Cat. 
no. 22127, Free Museum of Science and Art, University of 
Pennsylvania. ) 
A thin, flat, rectangular piece of wood (figure 1008), 14 by 5% inches, 
attached by a thong 36 inches in length, to the end of a stick 31 
inches long. 
This is described by the collector, Mr Louis L. Meeker,* as a boy’s 
plaything, under the name of tateka yuhmunpi. 
Fig. 1008. Bull-roarer; length of stick, 31 inches; Oglala Dakota Indians, Pine Ridge reserva- 
tion, Sovth Dakota; cat. no. 22127, Free Museum of Science and Art, University of Pennsylvania. 
Daxota (Teron). South Dakota. 
Dr J. Owen Dorsey ” describes the instrument as follows: 
Chan’ kadébletuntun’pi, Wood having edges, ... : A straight piece of wood 
is prepared, with four sides or edges, and is fastened by a strip of hide to 
another piece of wood which is used as a handle. The boy grasps the handle, 
whirls it around his head, making the four-cornered piece move rapidly with a 
whizzing noise. 
Omaua. Nebraska. “ 
Mr Francis La Flesche described the bull-roarer, as used-by Omaha 
boys as a plaything, under the name of gahoota. It is made of a 
stick, 6 inches long, with a notch cut at one end, and fastened to the 
end of a whip. Mr La Flesche did not know the meaning of the 
name. 
«Ogalala Games. Bulletin of the Free Museum of Science and Art, v. 3, p. 34, Phila- 
delphia, 1901. 
>Games of the Teton Dakota Children. The American Anthropologist, v. 4, p. 348, 
1901, 
