141 
“If we examine the handiwork, we shall perceive an 
apparent aiming at former arts, as though the knowledge 
were present, and the materials only wanting.” Here is 
clear evidence of retrogression! 
That acute thinker, Mr. Greg,* is puzzled by the numberless 
instances of degeneration met with in the world, and does 
not see that the two processes—rising and falling—may have 
gone on contemporaneously, just as the trunk may be warm 
and the extremities cold at one and the same time. 
“J should be sorry,” he concludes, “‘ to express a confident 
conviction on either side. All I can say is, that on the one 
hand the proof that man cannot have been originally civilised 
is logically almost irresistible ; while all evidence, monumental 
or documentary, above the earth’s surface, or disinterred from 
whatever depths, show us everywhere civilisation antecedent, 
in time atleast, if not in actual causation and historic 
progress, to barbarism. ... . Ages before the barbarian the 
civilisation existed on whose relics he trampled: the forests of 
uncounted centuries cover the graves, the temples, the 
fortresses of empires whose very names are lost for ever.” 
In the January (1885) number of the Nineteenth Century, 
Professor Max Miiller, in an article on ‘The Origin of 
Savages,” whilst resenting the question whether man began 
his career as a savage or a child—probably because it lands 
him in a dilemma—clearly proves that the theory which would 
identify the modern savage with primitive man is. untenable, 
as also he deems Darwin’s idea that he could be the child of 
non-human parents. 
In support of Archbishop Whately’s theory, I beg to call 
attention to the opinion of that veteran African traveller, Dr. 
Livingstone, as recorded in his last work, A Narrative of an 
Hupedition to the Zambesi and its Tributaries. On pp. 508-510 
he says: “Since we find that men, who already possess a 
knowledge of the arts needed by even the lowest savages, are 
swept off the earth when reduced to a dependence on wild 
roots and fruits alone, it is nearly certain that if they ever 
had been in what is called a state of nature, from being so 
much less fitted for supporting and taking care of themselves 
than the brutes, they could not have lived long enough to 
have attained even to the ordinary state of savages. ‘I'hey 
could not have survived for a sufficient period to invent any- 
thing, such as we who are not savages, and know how to 
make the egg stand on its end, think that we easily could 
have invented. 
* In his Devil’s Advocate. Trubner, 1876. 
