316 
Aztecs offered prayers several times a day in the temple of 
the Sun.* 
The Pueblos of New Mexico had periodical assemblages of 
the authorities and people for offering prayers in order to 
supplicate favours; and sometimes one or more persons will 
separate themselves absolutely from all.intercourse with the 
world for eighteen months, and devote themselves to prayer 
for the people.+ 
The Maidu Indians observe the acorn dance in order to 
insure a bountiful crop of acorns, when two venerable silver- 
haired priests offer a solemn supplication to the spirits for the 
favour desired; and an instance is given of a Karok Indian 
praying while hunting. f 
The writer has learned of forms of prayer formerly used by 
the Twanas and Clallams of Washington Territory. Swan 
speaks of the same practice among the Makahs;$ Dunn 
among the Knistenaux, and Rocky Mountain Indians;}|| 
Pond among the Dakotas ;§ and McCoy among the Potta- 
wottamies.** 
One image has been found in Tennessee, which evidently 
belonged to the Mound Builders, in which the figure is kneel- 
ing, and the hands are clasped across the breast in the 
attitude of prayer.tt 
Other reference has been made to this subject in the part 
of this paper which speaks of the Supreme Being, in regard 
to the Indians of Guiana, the Zunis, Okinagans and Winne- 
bagoes. Much too of their incantations, spoken of in the part 
which relates to the Good Spirits, so very common among all 
tribes, is really prayer to their guardian spirits. 
(5) Sacrifices—Man as a sinful being needs atonement. 
In connexion with these sacrifices are priests, temples, and 
altars. 
In Peru the earliest ideas of the race were that mankind 
became very wicked, for which they were terribly punished ; 
but they were restored by the Son of the Deity, whereupon 
they offered sacrifices in the temple in a most abject manner. 
When the worship of the Sun was introduced, sacrifices 
became very numerous, and included their most valuable 
* Bancroft’s Native Races of the Pacific, vol. ii. chap. ix. and vol. iii. 
+ Contributions to N. A. Ethnology, vol. iv. pp.'151, 153. 
{ Ibid., vol. iii. p. 285. 
§ Swan’s Makah Indians, pp. 61, 62. 
|| Dunn, On Oregon Territory, pp. 73, 219. 
“| Gospel Among the Dakotas, p. 57. 
** McCoy’s Indian Missions. 
++ Aboriginal Remains in Tennessee, p. 44. 
