34 Fish Cultural Association. 
that they linger till, the: lastajoi "November.’ In °1874)/9tme 
young menhaden lingered in the lower Potomac until the 
middle of December. , In 1876, the average for December sur- 
face temperatures at Norfolk was 36 deg. 8 m.; for bottom 
temperatures, 36 deg. 4 m. In 1874, the average surface tem- 
perature, for December at .Nomolk~ was 43 ‘des:,\or (6' dee: 
4m. higher than in 1876—the year for which our tables of 
observations are made up. The average for Norfolk surface 
temperature in November was, in 1876, 53 deg. 4 m.; in 1874, 
55adegy. om, or 10deo.) 7 m.\ higher) It isiquite probable tim 
in 1874 the water of the lower Potomac did not become 
colder than 50 deg. until December. 
At Wilmington, the monthly means of bottom temperatures 
in 1876 and 1877 were, for December, 43 deg. 1:m.; January 
43 deg.; February, 48 deg. 5 m2) Ini 1874 and 13875, December, 
48 dey. 7 m.; January, 43 deg.SimgPebruary, 45 deg’ "siamm 
December, 1876, was unusually cold, the mean temperatures 
of the air being 46 deg. 3 m., against 59 deg. 1 m., for the 
same month in 1874. January and February of 1874 were 
relatively cold, the air temperature being 48 deg. 1 m. and 
53 dee. 1-m., against 57 deg. 1 mand 52° deo. 5 m.,-1n* ree 
The surface quarter-month averages for the last half of Feb- 
ruary, 1877, are’49 deg. .1°m.,"'50 dee. 5°'m.; for the first uae 
of ‘March, 11876, 52 deg, 6: mi,57) dees for ‘late ‘November ame 
early; December, £876, 5 7iideas nmin ns 37 deg:.'6° m.) 40nmearES 
M45 ides. ! 2.1 
No observations have been made upon the movements of 
the menhaden at Wilmington. At Beaufort, 30 miles further 
north, they appear to be absent during the winter. It is much 
to be regretted that there are no temperature observations 
from ‘Cape ‘Hatteras. The relations of this locality to 7he 
Gulf Stream are peculiar, and corresponding peculiarities in 
