18 FISH CULTURAL ASSOCIATION. 
readily fastening themselves on hooks intended for much larger 
fish. . 
The resemblance between the Atlantic and Pacific cod-fishing 
grounds is strengthened by the presence in Pacific waters of a 
genuine pollock—not the fierce, cod-devouring tyrant of the East, 
but a prettier, weaker relative, greatly loved and grievously per- 
secuted by the cod. We have not yet heard of a haddock. (Me- 
lanogrammus), hake (Phycts), or of a cusk (Brosmius) in Alaskan 
waters. The only members of the cod family definitely known 
are the true cod (Gadus morrhua), the tom-cod (Microgradus proxt- 
mus), the polar-cod (Boreogadus saida), the ““wachna” (Gadus 
wachna, Tilesius) and the pollock (Pollachius chalcogrammus). Wher- 
ever the true cod is found occurs also the halibut (//7ppoglossus 
vulgaris), the same as the Atlantic species. These two prime fish 
are associated ; they come almost to the doors of the fishermen, 
and are present now around the shores of Alaska in the profu- 
sion which attended the infancy of the Cape Cod fishery. 
DISTRIBUTION. 
The cod seems to be entirely unknown as far south as San 
Diego, California. A circular sent by the Chief of the Bureau 
of Statistics to Mr. W. W. Bowers, Collector of Customs at San 
Diego, elicited the following response: “I referred the circular 
to Dr. G. W. Barnes, the president of a society of natural his- 
tory, and to various fishermen, but cannot ascertain that the cod- 
fish is known to exist in any of the waters adjacent to this port.” 
On the Heceta bank, north north-west from Cape Oxford, Oregon, 
cod are found. The Indians residing on that coast report this 
fish as quite abundant in the summer months, and they are said 
yo be large, solid and delicious. 
J. L. McDonald, in a book entitled ‘‘Hidden Treasures, or 
Fisheries Around the Northwest Coast,” states that ‘‘cod are 
taken in very limited numbers off the Farralones ; they are lean 
and very poor, and resemble the jaundiced cod on the Grand 
Bank.” James G. Swan, in a report on the food fishes of Cape 
Flattery,,; Washington; Territory, writes that. ‘the cod, of, the 
North Pacific is not found in abundance at Cape Flattery ; occa- 
sionally it is brought in, but it is by no means common. It seems 
