24 FISH CULTURAL ASSOCIATION. 
the Shumagin Islands: “ Okhotsk cod are larger and more numer- 
ous than Shumagin cod, but they are thinner, less fat and more 
pot-bellied, and weigh rather less when dressed—8o0,oco Shuma- 
gin fish, dressed, weigh 260,000 pounds; 80,000 Okhotsk fish, 
dressed, weigh 220,800 pounds. The latter are poorer perhaps 
because they are caught so early in spring. They are fatter in 
July ; fishing, however, begins in June.” For the dressed Shu- 
magin fish this gives an average of three and one-quarter pounds 
each, and for the Okhostk two and three-quarter pounds. The 
average for the Shumagin fish agrees substantially with that 
given by most persons who have furnished information about the 
Alaska cod. Prof. Jordan’s information was obtained from the 
foremost fish merchants in San Francisco, and mine from cap- 
tains of fishing vessels. 
SHAPE AND COLOR. 
With reference to the Shumagin cod, Capt. J. C. Caton intorm- 
ed me that most of them have black napes, but there are some 
white napes. Some of the fish we caught on Portlock Bank, 
July 8th, 1880, had black napes, and others white napes. Thomas 
Devine, who has charge of McCollum & Co.’s fishing-station at 
Pirate Cove, Shumagins, reports mostly black napes, some white 
or gray. Capt. H. R. Bowen, of St. Paul, Kodiak, Id., says they 
“very seldom find fish with white napes—generally black.” Capt. 
D. C. Bowen, of the same place, told me that white nape and 
black nape fish both are caught ; black napes being most plenty. 
He says that white napes are generally young fish ; the big ones 
are almost always black napes. Capt. J. Haley informed me that 
the Hoochenoo cod have black napes. These statements’ coin- 
cide with my own observations at various points along the coast 
of Alaska, and it seems to be true that black napes predominate 
among the Alaskan cod. Two large ones, measuring 722 and 750 
millimeters, caught in Port Chatham, Cook’s Inlet, July 5th, 1880, 
had black napes. The same variations in the external colors of 
the fish exist as are known in the Atlantic; the shore fish are 
generally darker than the bank fish, and a reddish tinge is very 
