TENTH ANNUAL MEETING. 33 
ee ene 
were pulled out on the wharf, either to be eaten or used as bait, 
or thrown away. 
ENEMIES, FATALITIES, ETC. 
DISEASES, 
Asa rule, all large cod caught in harbors in shoal water are 
sick. On the 24th of June, 1880, one was taken in Port Mulgrave, 
Yakutat Bay, that measured 34 inches in length, and was stout 
and heavy, but sick and unfit for food. The gills were not bright 
red as ina healthy fish, but dull and faded ; the colors _ of 
the body were also dull. Numerous parasites were present ex- 
ternally, and the abdominal viscera were infested with worms. 
A very unpleasant odor came from the belly when it was opened. 
On the 2nd of July, in Chugachik Bay, Cook’s Inlet, three large 
cod were caught from the vessel, all of which were sick, their ab- 
dominal viscera being lined with worms and giving off a bad 
odor, yet the fish were quite heavy. On the sth of July a healthy cod 
28 2-5 inches long, and blind in both eyes, was caught ona hook in 
Port Chatham near the entrance to Cook’s Inlet. The fish 
was entirely free from parasites. Its stomach contained 
only the herring with which the hook was baited. In- 
stead of the transparent aqueous humor in the anterior 
chamber of the eye there was an opaque white substance, the result, 
doubtless, of an old injury. A second fish taken here (about an 
inch longer than the blind one) seemed to be perfectly healthy, 
but there were numerous small worms on the intestines. In its 
stomach were an Ammodytes, a little wad of kelp, and a pebble. 
In examining a fresh fish caught near Sitka I found the inside 
of its mouth containing many lernzan parasites. 
Capt. H. R. Bowen has never seen deformed cod in the vicin- 
ity of Kodiak, but diseased ones are common. He has frequent- 
ly noticed ulcerated sores along the body, and especially on the 
head. Dead cod have never been seen to his knowledge. 
Mr. Devine, of the Shumagins, has seen cod sometimes with 
their backbone broken, causing a deformity knownas “rose bones;”’ 
but he has never seen dead fish in any quantity at or near Pirate 
Cove. In earlier years, he says, you could heave up hundreds 
