TENTH ANNUAL MEETING. 43 
lished until 1855. (MILNER: Rep. U. S.F.C., Part IL, p. 533. Gar- 
LICK, Ohio Farmer, 1857.] 
In Mr. Milner’s excellent paper on “ The Progress of Fish Culture in 
the United States” may be found accounts of the experiments of other 
pioneers, Kellog and Chapman in 1855, Muller and Brown in 1857, Ains- 
worth in 1859 and Seth Green in 1864. The experiments of Captain 
N. E. Atwood in 1856 are also deserving of prominent mention [Re- 
port Mass. Commissioners, 1856.| 
In 1854 was published, in New York, by the Appletons, a treatise on 
Artificial Fish Breeding. This, in connection with the publication of 
the results of Garlick and Ackley’s work in 1857, and the report of the 
Massachusetts Commission in the same year, to which was appended a 
translation of the essay of Jules Haime, had a most important influ- 
ence on the development of public interest in fish culture. The writ- 
ings of Coste, too, were in the hands of many Americans. 
XXI. 1854—Beginnings of Fish Culture in Belgtum.—tIn February, 
1854, a fish-breeding establishment was organized by the Belgian Gov- 
ernment, De Clerg, an engineer, having been sent, in November, 1853, 
to France to investigate the subject of fish culture therein. [MOILN: 
opncits, p:.8.] 
XXII. 1854—Begennings of Fish Culture tn Holland.—In 1854 the 
King of Holland established a fishery commission, and set up a hatch- 
ing apparatus in his palaces at Bois and Wiss. [MOLIN: op. cit., p. 8.] 
In 1860, a fishcultural establishment was founded in the Zoological 
Gardens at Amsterdam, which was successful in the culture of salmon. 
[DE Bont: La Culture du saumon et des ses congeneres et la Pisicul- 
ture au Jardin Zoologique d’Amsterdam—Amsterdam, 1872. Bou- 
CHON-BRANDELET: op. cit., p. 215.] 
XXIII. 1854—Begznnings of Fish Culture in Russta—tIn 1854 V. P. 
Vrasski, after studying the French literature of fish culture, made 
experiments on the eggs of the eel, pout and the trout, and after 
independently discovering the process or dry impregnation, in 1860, 
established an extensive breeding station at Nickolsky, in the province 
of Novgorod, which was afterward extensively subsidized by the Rus- 
sian Government. [SOUDAKEVICZ: Report of U.S, Fish Commission, 
Part Il:; 1853, py yod.] } 
A large government establishment was founded in the province of 
Suwalki, in 1860, breeding trout, salmon and several species of white- 
fish. [IBID, p 512.] 
XXIV. 1856—Begznnzngs of Public Fash Culture tn the°-United States. 
Massachusetts Fish Commisston.—May 16, 1856, the General Court of 
Massachusetts appointed three commissioners “to ascertain and report 
