48 FISH-CULTURAL ASSOCIATION. 
is provided with six or eight tubs of trawl, and two to eight of 
these tubs of line are set at once, as the case may require. 
Sometimes only two or three tubs are set at a time, and several 
sets are frequently made in a day when the weather is suitable. 
One of the anchors is similar to those used upon the cod 
trawls, while the second anchor is often of the killick pattern. 
The buoy line is the same as in the cod or halibut trawl, and 
its length is fifteen to thirty fathoms more than the depth of 
water in which it is used. The buoys are similar to those used 
in cod-trawling. Each buoy at the end of the trawl has a black 
ball upon it, and a middle buoy, without a staff or black ball, is 
also used* when the whole length of the trawl is set.t Instead 
of the regulation keg buoy,a ‘kit’ is sometimes used by the 
haddock trawlers. 
Bait.—When it can be obtained, the principal bait used by the 
haddock-catchers is menhaden slivers, salted. This is consid- 
ered the best bait, and it is said that haddock will often bite at 
this when nothing else will tempt them. The trawl-hooks, when 
this bait is used, may be baited days, or even weeks, in advance, 
while the vessel is waiting for'a chance to set. When fresh bait 
is used, the trawls can be baited only a short time before—in- 
deed, only a few hours before they are to be set. 
Fresh herring is also used for bait, though to a comparatively 
limited extent, until within the past two or three years, when 
they have been the principal bait relied upon, as a sufficient 
quantity of menhaden could not be procured. 
Capt. S. J. Martin, of Gloucester, writes: ‘‘ Five or six years 
ago pogie slivers were exclusively used for bait by haddock 
fishermen, but for the past two winters none of these could be 
obtained, and mackerel and herring have been the principal 
bait. The first vessels that started in October (1880) took fresh 
mackerel for bait. When the herring came on the coast, or were 
brought to Gloucester frozen, they were the bait depended on 
by the haddock-catchers. 
*This is to aid the fishermen in recovering their trawls in case they are parted at 
either end. 
+ When the trawls are set in shallow water, where there is a rock bottom, three or four 
middle buoys are sometimes used. 
