go FISH—CULTURAL ASSOCIATION. 
burg ; Walbaum one from the vicinity of Liibeck ; Hanover and 
Klein one from the vicinity of Danzig; Hartmann one from 
near Pillau ; and Wolf another taken near KOnigsberg. 
“One mentioned by Schoneveld as taken near Mecklenburg, 
was so large that it required two strong horses to draw it from 
the water. The body, without the sword, was eleven feet long, 
the sword three. The eyes were as large as hen’s eggs, and the 
tail was two feet broad. Of four seen by Professor Koelpin 
during his stay at Griefswald, one measured more than three 
and one-tall feet in circumferences.) 7" 
“These fish, according to the story of the Chevalier Hamilton, 
always appear in pairs as they approach Messina, a female and 
a male together.” 
[Then follows a description of the method of or gltiiaht very 
similar to that given below. | 
“This fish lives upon marine plants and fish. It has sucha 
terrible defensive weapon that other voracious fishes do not dare 
to attack it. According to Aristotle, it is, like the tunny, tor- 
mented by an insect, and in its fury leaps out of the sea and even 
into vessels. According to Statius Miiller, the skin is phosphor- 
escent at night. Although such large fishes are not usually well 
flavored, this one is considered palatable. Pieces of the belly 
and the tail are especially esteemed, and hence they are expen- 
sive. The fins are salted and sold under the name ‘cal/o.’ * * * 
“Aelian errs in saying that it enters fresh water, and in cata- 
loguing it among the fishes of the Danube. 
‘“Oppian and Ovid consider it on account of its sword, one of 
the most terrible denizens of the sea. It is not at all probable 
that, as Pliny and many other later ichthyologists have written, 
it pierces the sides of vessels with its sword and sends them to 
the bottom ; its sword is not sufficiently strong. 
“Salviani, who gave the first figure of the fish, was wrong, 
like many writers who followed him, in giving two dorsal and 
two anal fins. 
“ Gesner, Aldrovandus, and Jonston have represented the spe- 
cies with two ventral fins. Bellon and Bomare were wrong in 
