TWELFTH ANNUAL MEETING. 71 
LOCATION. 
The proper setting or location of the fish-way is a matter of 
prime importance to secure satisfactory operation. Where the 
cost of the construction is considerable, the location should be 
made under the direction of a competent engineer, and after a 
careful study of the locality. In all cases the following con- 
ditions are to be observed in the construction : 
First—The water capacity of the fish-way must be in propor- 
tion to the volume of the stream. The more water we can dis- 
charge through the fish-way the more satisfactory it will be in 
operation. 
Second—The upper end of the fish-way must be set at such 
a level as to run full at ordinary spring stages of the stream. 
Third—The discharge from the fish-way should be made 
close to the face of the dam. 
Fourth—The fish-way must be so located as to be sheltered 
from ice and drift, or when this is impracticable it must be built 
strong enough to resist injury. 
Where these conditions are realized in the construction, com- 
plete satisfaction in operation may be expected. In figures ro, 
11 and 12 are presented three plans of actual constructions, 
which will furnish useful suggestions as to location. 
Figure ro shows plan of fish-way on the Rappahannock River, 
near Fredericksburg, Va. The water is brought to the head of the 
fish-way by aculvert piercing the flood wall. The fish-way is 
built on a slope of one foot in three, and in two sections, so as 
to bring the discharge close to the abutment. This has been in 
successful operation two seasons. 
Figure 11 shows plan of fish-way at Bosher’s Dam on James 
River, Virginia, nine miles above Richmond. This is a later 
and improved design, though embodying the same principles of 
construction as shown in the Fredericksburg way. 
Here advantage was taken of the locality to shelter the way 
behind the high flood shown in the drawing. Two arched 
culverts admit the water to a sluice which conducts it to the 
head of the fish-way. This discharge of water is too far from 
the face of the dam to secure the best results, and it will be 
