r 26 FISH-CULTURAL ‘ASSOCIATION, 
tion allows a larger proportion of the parent salmon to reach 
the river. 
This station was partly destroyed by a hurricane a few years 
ago, and has been abandoned for the present. 
Unfortunately the same objection which applies to the Clack- 
amus river asa hatching station, for producing young salmon 
on a large scale, viz., the enormous yearly catch of salmon on 
the Columbia below the Clackamus, also applies to all other 
good locations in the Columbia river basin, or rather what were 
originally good locations. Twenty years ago there were scores 
of places on the affluents of the Columbia where ten to twenty 
million salmon eggs could have been obtained annually, because 
such an enormous quantity of salmon ran up the Columbia that 
they swarmed in thousands into each of these spawning streams 
to deposit their eggs. 
Now that every season as the salmon come up to spawn, 
hundreds of thousands of them, I might almost say millions, are 
caught for canning, there are not enough left to distribute them- 
selves in very great numbers in each of their thousand spawning- 
beds up the river, and it will never again, in my opinion, be very 
easy to find more than one or two places in the Columbia river 
basin, where twenty million salmon eggs can be annually ob- 
tained, unless some legislation protects the salmon on their up- 
ward journey, or artificial hatching, simultaneously carried on 
at various independent localities, increases the number of sal- 
mon in the river. 
I have made three explorations of the Columbia river for the 
purpose of finding a good place for getting salmon eggs ona 
large scale; (the last time under the direction of the United 
States Commissioner of Fisheries). Following the Columbia, 
except around the Great Bend, all the way from the Rocky 
Mountain divide, where you can step across it (here called 
Deer Lodge river), to the bar as its mouth where it is fifteen 
miles across, and I am convinced that the salmon do not now 
come up to any one of their famous original spawning grounds 
in such quantities as to make it an easy thing to get twenty or 
even ten million eggs a year from any of them. 
[ must except some places (notably the foot of Shoshone Falls 
