THIRTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING. 31 
Great Bend, I did not see it myself) is said to be ten or fifteen 
feet in height. 
I heard of salmon being caught all the way up to the falls of 
the Senniacwateen—so the salmon are obviously not all stopped 
at the falls of the Pend d'Oreille, though probably not a very 
large proportion get by them. 
About one hundred and fifty miles above these nearly impass- 
able falls, and not far below the outlet of Pend d’Oreille lake 
are the falls of the Senniacwateen, which, though not over eight 
or ten feet in height, probably head off the comparatively few 
salmon that reach them and mark the highest point, the w//#ma 
thule of the upward migration of the salmon of Clark’s Fork of 
the Columbia. I mention these facts, partly because when I 
was in Idaho and Montana, there was a strong feeling among 
some of the residents on Clark's Fork in favor of opening a way 
for the ascending salmon through the obstructions just mention- 
ed, and allowing them to come up into Idaho and Montana, 
which they would undoubtedly do if they could, although it is 
nearly twelve hundred miles from the mouth of the Columbia 
to Deer Lodge City. 
I will merely add in this connection that a movement has been 
started for obtaining the intervention of the territories interest- 
ed, and if possible of the United States, for the purpose of open- 
ing a passage for the salmon through the formidable obstruc- 
tions at the mouth of the Pend d’Oreille river, but in my 
opinion these falls will be found to lie in British territory, and 
the undertaking mentioned will require the co-operation also of 
the Dominion government. 
I need hardly say in conclusion, that in my judgment the 
sooner we get about this work of hatching salmon on the Col- 
umbia the better. We have waited too long already. The great 
opportunities of twenty years ago are all gone, and every year 
makes the matter worse. 
Mills are going up, settlements are forming, railroads are 
being built in this trans-Rocky Mountain region with surprising 
rapidity—all accelerating the decrease of the salmon—and in a 
short time we may be glad to even get opportunities that we 
scorn now. A great industry as well as an immense food sup- 
ply is at stake, and something ought to be done very soon. 
