THIRTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING. 53 
indicates roughly the climatological conditions required. It is 
not likely that they will thrive much further south than their 
natural range, unless in elevated, and therefore cool regions. 
As regards qualities of water other than temperature, I do not 
think land-locked salmon are specially fastidious. Muddy water 
is undoubtedly objectionable, but among their native haunts are 
many lakes whose water is strongly colored with peaty and earth- 
en solutions. 
Gravelly shores and bottom are not essential, except on the 
breeding grounds, which must be ample to insure a great degree 
of success. A good sized brook, abounding in gravelly rapids, 
will meet the requirements. Whether it should be an inlet or 
an outlet may be properly brought in question. It seems to me 
well proven, that these fish are endowed with instincts of locality 
that impel them to deposit their eggs in their native streams, to 
the extent of selecting one among several streams connected 
with the same lake. On no other supposition can we explain 
certain pnenomena at Grand lake. Junior stream, at the head 
of the lake, is a fine, gravelly stream, offering excellent locations 
for spawning beds, and more easily accessible from the lake than 
is Grand lake stream, and was formerly much resorted to by the 
salmon. Of late, however, it is almost entirely deserted, not- 
withstanding the salmon are abundant in the lake, and thousands 
of them yearly resort to Grand lake stream at the other extreme 
of the lake. Whether this instinct will interfere with the use of 
fry from Grand lake eggs for the stocking of waters whose only 
spawning grounds lie in their affluents is a question deserving 
consideration, but which we shall doubtless have to leave to the 
solution of experience. It is interesting to note that in many of 
the lakes where they have been introduced we hear of them first 
in the outlets. Such is the case at Woodhull lake in New York, 
and at Squam lake in New Hampshire. Some of the new inhab- 
itants have made themselves known by running down into mill- 
wheels. At Woodhull lake, “from appearances,” writes Gen. 
R. U. Sherman, “‘the whole stock went out of Woodhull dam 
through the open gates, and gathered in the stream below to 
spawn.” 
The question of enemies must be regarded as one of the first 
