216 FISH-CULTURAL ASSOCIATION. 
that the nets might be ‘‘underrun,” as trawls sometimes are, 
which would enable one man to handle a gang of nets for which 
an entire boat’s crew, six to eight men, is required in Norway, 
I could see no reason, myself, why the nets could not be under- 
run, providing the current was not too strong and the water not 
to deep. It may be explained here that the Norwegians set 
their nets late in the day and take them up on the following 
morning, the apparatus being carried to the land, the fish re- 
moved from the meshes, and the gear prepared for setting again. 
This involves a large amount of labor and much loss of time, as 
compared with the method of underrunning, which may be con- 
sidered ‘‘ another yankee invention.”’ 
When the nets are set for underrunning, the anchor is first 
thrown over, and 25 fathoms of line paid out, when the buoy- 
line is bent to it. The buoy and line are then thrown over, and 
the remainder of the anchor line, the end of the latter being 
made fast to the nets, which are the next to follow. <A middle 
buoy is attached to the center of the gang. When the nets are 
all out, the other anchor line, with the buoy-line attached, is 
veered out, and last of all the anchor is thrown over, which fin- 
ishes the work. The nets are usually set in the afternoon, and 
allowed to remain in the water for several days, unless for some 
reason the vessel leaves the fishing ground. Even then, when the 
vessels have been forced to seek the shelter of a harbor during a 
storm, the nets have frequently been left out. Fish are caught 
only at night, and, consequently, the nets are underrun only in 
the morning, unless the men are detained by unfavorable weath- 
~er until later in the day. In underrunning, the fisherman goes 
to one of the buoys on the end of his gang of nets, takes it in the 
dory, and hauls away on the buoy-line, the buoy being thrown 
out on the other side and the line allowed to run out on one 
side as fast as it is hauled in on the other. When the anchor- 
line (or underrunning line, as it is sometimes called) is up, it is 
taken across the dory, and the fisherman hauls along towards the 
nets. The gear is underrun by pulling the nets in on one side 
of the dory, and, as fast as the fish are removed, allowing the 
apparatus to pass over the other side into the water, the 
anchors which remain firmly fixed in the bottom, holding 
