Diplommatina Huttoni and Ennea bicolor in the West Indies. Ill 



that the range of D. Huttoni extends more than, at the outside, 

 200 or 300 miles along the base of the mountains. In the 

 plains of India no Diplommatina has ever yet been found*. 

 In the hills of Southern India, forms differing entirely from 

 those of the Himalayas alone occur. The negative evidence, 

 therefore, against the existence of D. Huttoni^ or of any other 

 Indian species of the genus, over any large area of country is 

 overwhelming. And this is entirely in accordance, as has 

 been remarked by Mr. Benson, with the general facts of the 

 distribution of operculated land-shells in India, none being 

 met with over so large an area as species of the non-opercu- 

 lated forms frequently are. 



To the west of Hindustan not a single Dijdommatinaj or 

 land-shell allied to Di]j)lommatinay has ever been recorded. 

 The genus and its allies are utterly miknown in Western Asia, 

 Europe, and Africa. Not only are the Diplommatinidse absent, 

 but all their allies, the Cyclophoridaj, are equally so, with the 

 exception of two or three obscure species in South Africa and 

 of the anomalous genus Craspedopoma in the Azores, Madeira, 

 and Canary Islands ; and these few forms have at least as close 

 an affinity to American types as to those of India. 



To the east and south-east of India the case is different. 

 Species oi Diplomiyiatina^Taoxij of them sinistral, and of allied 

 genera have been found in Burma, Labuan {Oj^isthostoma De- 

 Cresjjignii), the Philippine Islands (Afinia), the Moluccas, 

 the Pelew Islands {Palaina), the New Hebrides, New Cale- 

 donia, Lord Howe's Island, Australia, and New Zealand. A 

 species is said to occur also in the Sandwich Islands. Now, 

 as Megalomastoma and Cyclophorus are common to the mainland 

 of India, the Malay archipelago, and the West Indies, it ap- 

 pears by no means improbable that Diplommatina may have 

 the same distribution ; and certainly, if D. Huttoni ever mi- 

 grated or was transported by natural causes from India to 

 America, I cannot help thinking that it most probably tra- 

 versed countries inhabited by its relations. But I cannot help 

 doubting its having migrated at all over any extensive area. 



Ennea hicolor is a shell of much wider distribution. It is 

 met with throughout the whole peninsula of Hindustan, and 

 it also occurs in Burma. It lives in the plains, in cultivated 

 land as well as in waste. 



It is easy to conceive that a mollusk with such habits might 



* I know of but one, doubtful exception — doubtful inasmucb as I do 

 not know at what elevation the shell was found. This was in South 

 Canara, on the Malabar coast. The form was one of the type peculiar to 

 the hills of Southern India. The whole fauna of the coast of Malabar is 

 peculiar. 



9* 



