274 Messrs. Hancock & Atthey on Reptile- and Fish-Remains 

 The measurements of the larger vertebrse are as follows : — 



inch. 



Height of the body of the vertebra 1'9 



Transverse diameter 1"8 



Length 0-8 



Height of neural arch 0-4 



Height of spinous process 1-7 



Length of ditto 1*0 



Thickness of ditto 0-2 



Width of transverse process 0-7 



Thickness of ditto 0-3 



Several other well-ossified vertebral centra have occurred 

 at Newshara ; they have all, however, lost the neural arch 

 and most of the processes. Some, having a minute noto- 

 chord, probably belong to Pteroplaxr] and two in parti- 

 cular, one of which is an inch and a half high, and about the 

 same wide, agree perfectly well in form with the two above 

 described. These have on the upper surface two peculiar, 

 wide, arched, transverse, sessile processes or lobes, with the 

 anterior faces a little hollowed. There can be no doubt that 

 these belong to this Labyrinthodont, and are probably caudal 

 vertebrse. 



There are three or four other vertebrae, quite as large as 

 the above, with a notochord nearly half an inch wide, and the 

 remains of lateral processes. These may probably belong to 

 fishes ; but we know of no fish in our coal-shales to which they 

 can be assigned. 



The four or five ribs that have turned up at Newsham are 

 not well preserved : two are lying in contact with one of the 

 cranial shields, one above, the other below it ; but in both in- 

 stances the extremities are either lost or much injured. The 

 largest is five and a half inches from end to end, and four- 

 eighths of an inch broad ; it is well and regularly arched, and 

 appears to be a little flattened ; a wide groove extends along 

 the surface ; and one of tlie extremities, which is crushed flat, 

 exhibits distinct traces of a tuberculum and capitulum, the 

 latter projecting quite four-eighths of an inch beyond the 

 former, and continues the concavity of the inner margin of the 

 rib. The tuberculum is reflected a little, so as to interrupt the 

 convexity of the opposite margin. In short, this rib, as far as 

 can be determined, agrees very closely with that of Anthraco- 

 saurus as figm-ed and described by Prof. Huxley (Zoc.ciV. p. 63). 

 In another specimen the proximal extremity is better preserved ; 

 and in it the head and tubercle are quite in accordance with 

 the above description. 



Another rib, which probably belongs to this or to some other 



