BOAS] HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES' — TAKELMA 23 



nouns, pronouns, and adverbs, is regularly separated from a pre- 

 ceding vowel by the catch: 



ma'^a" but you, you truly 

 ho'^^a' nowadays indeed 



If a diphthong in i or u precedes a catch followed by a vowel, the i or 

 u often appears as '?/ or w after the catch : 



Jclwd^ya^ just grass (= Jc!wdl + -a^) 

 d'^ya" just they (= di- they + -cl") 

 ha^wi- (= Ika-u- under +^- with hand) 



If the second of two syntactically closely connected words begins 

 with a semivowel (w or y) and the first ends in a vowel, a catch is 

 generally heard to separate the two, in other words the semivowel is 

 treated as a vowel. Examples are: 



ge'^ wok' {=ge' +wdk') there he arrived 



he"^ wd"-dl'^ { = he^ + wd"'di'^) day its-body = all day long 



ge^ yd'^-Tii {^ge+yd'^M) just there indeed 

 Such cases are of course not to be confounded with examples like: 



me^woV HE ARRIVED HERE, and 



me^yeu come here ! 

 in which the catch is organic, being an integral part of the adverb 

 me^ hither; contrast: 



me^gini'^V he came here, with 



ge gini'^Y he went there. 

 The same phonetic rule applies even more commonly when the first 

 element is a noun or verb prefix : 



hsi^winl'^da inside of him; but haJe^Sim^ at noon 



de^wiliwia'^^ they shouted; but dexehe'^n he said so 



ahsii^wa^yewenhi he returned inside with him; but abai^im'^^' he 

 went inside 



wi^wd my younger brother ; but y^iha^m my father 

 It is interesting to note that the catch is generally found also 

 when the first element ends in I, m, or n, these consonants, as has 

 been already seen, being closely allied to the semivowels in phonetic 

 treatment : 



sl^wd°'dide to my body; but als* o"ma7 to the mountain 

 sl^yowo'^ he looked; but aM'*!:' he saw him 

 hd^ge'l^yo he lay belly up; but gelkliyi'^V he turned to face him 

 g-wen^waVgeits'.'iVwa his (head) lay next to it; but gwenliwila'^^ 



he looked back 

 yiwin^ wo'Vi^ {=yiwin speech + ^0'^:'^^ without) without speech 



§ 6 



