60 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [b0lt>. 40 



dldaH'he' ^^Whcg-ams (= -amtx) they liad their hair tied on sides 

 of head (from base fha/^g-) 142.17; cf. -fhd'^gamda^n I tie "his 

 hair (27.1) 



No satisfactory reason can be given why most verbs in -x- do not show 

 this stem-palataUzation. It is quite possible that its occurrence is 

 confined to a restricted number of such verbs; at any rate, there is 

 some limitation in its employpaent, which the material at hand has 

 not been found extensive enough to define. 



4. In nouns ending in -x-ajp'^ (s-ap' = -t-x-ap'), probably derived 

 from such verbs in -x- as were referred to under 3 : 



xaHe'^sap'^ belt (cf. xaHaf"'da^n I put it about my waist) 

 Tialu'^'xop' (= -x'^ap") shirt (cf. hald''^^Jc' she put on [her dress]) 



5. In verbs provided with the suffix -xa-, which serves to relieve 

 transitive verbs of the necessity of expressing the object: 



lu'^xwagwadinin ( = luk!-xa-) I'll trap for him (stem lok!""-) 



%lu' pxagwanV she shall pound with (stone pestle) (cf. lobo^p' she 



pounds them) 

 Jcledelxade- 1 was out picking (cf. Jc.'add^n I pick them, Jcladdl he 



picks them) 

 tsleye'mxade^ I hide things (cf. tslayama'^n I hide it) 



6. In reflexive verbs ending in -gwi- or -Viva- {-gwa-) : 



Jdet'gwl^p' pick them for yourself! (stem Ic.'d'^d-) 



alts.'eyeVwif he washed himself with it (cf. altslaydp' he washed 



his own face) 

 lletslek'wide^ 1 touch myself (cf. llatslagi'^n I touch him) 

 IdedeiYwa^n I pick them for myself (aorist stem Jc.'addi-) 

 alnvf'^Vwa he painted his own face. (stem no^gw-) 



Yet many, perhaps most, reflexive verbs fail to show the palatal 



ablaut : 



plagdnk'wif he bathed himself 



fgwd'^xa'nt'gwide^ I shall tattoo myself (but lu'^gwaufgwide^ I 



trap deer for myself) 

 xd'^-sgd'H'gwide^ I cut myself 

 igaxaga'xgwa^n I scratch myself 



We have here the same difficulty as in 3. Evidently some factor or 

 factors enter into the use of the ablaut that it has not been founp 

 possible to determine. 



7. Other cases undoubtedly occur, but there are not enough of 

 them in the material gathered to allow of the setting up of further 

 groups. All that can be done with those cases that do not fall 



§ 31 



