BOAS] 



HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES TAKELMA 



65 



adverbial sense only, and regularly occupy the second position. 

 The line between these two sets of prefixes is, however, difficult to 

 draw when it comes to considering the place to be assigned to some 

 of the prefixed elements. It is doubtful whether we are fully justified 

 in making absolutely strict distinctions between the various uses of 

 the body-part prefixes; at any rate, it is certainly preferable, from a 

 native point of view, to translate the three examples of l- incorpora- 

 tion given above as: 



I-hand-fire-warm(-as-regards-myself) 



I-hand-hunt-for-it 



I-salmon-hand-run-with 



leaving in each case the exact delimitation in meaning of the element 

 HAND to be gathered from the general nature of the form. The fol- 

 lowing examples will render the matter of position and function of the 

 various prefixes somewhat clearer: 



If two adverbial (local) elements are used, the body-part prefix 

 follows that which is primarily adverbial in character ; thus : 



ha-ide'^didi'nik!af did you stretch it out? i = ha-i-out + de-\iip, 

 in front 4- di interrogative particle 4- di'niklaf you stretched it) 



In general it may be said that instances of a body-part prefix pre- 

 ceding a primarily adverbial element (like hor-i-, haP^-, Tie^^-, and others) 

 are rare or entirely lacking. 



From what has been said it might seem that the connective and 

 modal elements (like yaxa, ml'^^wa, and di) are more closely associated 

 with the verb form than are the other elements, yet this is only 

 apparently the case. Properly speaking all these modal elements are 

 post-positives that normally attach themselves to the first word of 

 3045°— Bull. 40, pt 2—12 5 § 34 



