BOAS] HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES TAKELMA 101 



glottal catch or fortis consonant the accent, as generally in such a 

 case, is a falling one. Thus: 



s-o'^^'F op'de^ I shall jump (148.8)) s-owo'^'^F op' de^ I jump (48.15 ; 49.1) 

 Such forms as wa-k!oyd^n are only apparently opposed to the rule 

 (see § 65). 



Type 3. Verb-stem v + c + Ci; aorist v + c! + v + c^. The most 

 satisfactory test of a verb of this type is the intervocalic fortis 

 consonant of the aorist stem as contrasted with the correspond- 

 ing non-fortis consonant of the verb-stem. As only the minority of 

 base-final consonant-clusters begin with a consonant that is capable 

 of being changed to a fortis, there are in the material available only a 

 few verbs to which the test can be applied. Those showing an 

 intervocalic fortis (changed from non-fortis) lq the aorist stem are : 



Verb-stem Aorist stem 



t-lasgi'7i I shall touch it i-lats lagi'^n I touched it 



m.asga'n I shall put it (102.15) mats Isiga'^n I put it 74.13 



wismada'^ you will move wits-!ima^^' you moved 148.16 



jo'k'jan I shall know it (162.6) yokloya'^n I knew it 50.5 



lop'dia'"^^' it will rain lop!odia'«" it rained 152.11 



In other verbs of this type the only characteristic of the aorist 

 stem is the repetition between the consonants of the cluster of the 

 stem-vowel. The following verb-forms exemplify this group, with 

 the reservation that if in any case the second consonant of the 

 cluster be really a suffix, the form should be assigned to Type 2. 



Verb-stem Aorist stem 



t IsLinyana'n 1 shall go to get her t huisijana'^n I went to get her 



married (150.5,19) married (148.5) 



ts!a-uya'^s fast runner 138.2 tslawai^e^ I ran fast 



df-u'its-lamf fool him! dl^iijii' is- lamda^n I fooled him 



baxma'i'e^^ ( = haxm-) I shall come baxami^'e^ I came (114.16) 



ga-iwa'n I shall eat it 128.18 gayawa'^Ti I ate it 30.11 



laoigwana'n I shall spoil it moyugwa?ia'^?i I spoiled it 



(31.12) 



yo'"^s7mwIshall scare him (186.10) yowo'^sna^n I scared him 



(186.10) 



tndglni'n I shall tell him malagini'^n I told him (30.15) 



ha-i-xi\gwi'n I shall snatch it ha-i-xiiigwi'^n I snatched it out 



out (33.4) 



1 This verb clearly belongs to Type 3 because of constant -a- following -xm-. Had it belonged to Type 2 

 it would have assumed the form *baxa'mt'e'. 



§ 40 



