boas] 



HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES TAKELMA 



105 



becoming a fortis; suck as do not, introduce a catch before the second 

 consonant in non-aorist forms. Tliere seem to be no primarily in- 

 transitive verbs of this type. Examples of the type are: 



Verb-stem 



i-k Va'% Iwin I shall wake him up 



kVa'^%(Ze^ I shall wake up (190.5) 

 xd'^-Wtlan I shall put it about 



my waist 

 Za-'^f-t'ba'k!m I shall burst it 



(118.5) 

 lya-sga'p lin I shall make it tight 

 al-xi'klin I shall see him (146.21) 

 de^-l-wi'k\in I shall spread it out 



(120.1) 

 daJc'-Ve'^klin I shall give him to 



smoke (170.13) 

 fta'^-xo't \an I shall win over him 



(170.9) 

 aZ-lo'k!wa7i I shall thrust it 

 dal-ip'o'tlin I shall mix it (178.5) 

 de^-l-nu't lin I shall drown him 



l-k'wsi'^gwi^n 



Lim up 



Aorist stem 



I woke 



16.4; (75.6) 

 k'wsi'^xde^ I woke up (16.3, 5) 

 m"-la'^da^7?, I put it about my 



waist 

 la-H-Vha'^'gi'n I burst it (24.17) 



wa-sga''^bi^7ilmadeittight(140.6) 

 al-x.i''gi-n I saw him 188.9 

 de^-i-wi'^gi^n I spread it out 



dak'-Ve'^gi^n I gave him to smoke 



hd'^-xo'^da^n I won over him 



(168.5) 

 al-W^g\va'n I thrust it (152.19) 

 dal--p'6'''di^n I mixed it 

 cZeM-nu'^d-i^n I drowned him 



(118.9) 

 de-hii'^gi'n I filled it (140.3) 

 vgf'na he took it 15.1; 45.13 



de-hvL'kHn I shall fill it 

 ^'-gi^na takeit! (102.14) 



Despite the change of the second consonant from fortis to non- 

 fortis, it is not certain that it is always an integral part of the stem; 

 in de-bil'^gi^n the g (k!) seems to be a verbifying suffix (cf. de-hu's 

 FULL as adjective). The accent of the base of verbs of Type 6 differs 

 materially from that of verbs of types heretofore discussed. The 

 normal pitch-accent of most verb-bases is the rising tone for long, 

 the raised for final short, vowels, unless a catch immediately follows. 

 Thus in Type 5 da¥-da-Jial he answered him; Type 2 naga^ he 

 SAID TO him; but with catch Type 4 naga'^^ he said. The verbs, 

 however, of Type 6, as will have been noticed, all have the falling 

 accent in both aorist and non-aorist forms. This variation from the 

 accentual norm becomes intelligible if we remember that a fortis 

 is the equivalent of a catch + a media; e. g., alxl'lcHn i shall see 

 him; alxl'^V see him! As the catch tends to bring about a falling 

 accent before it, the falling accent peculiar to verbs of Type 6 may 

 plausibly be ascribed to the fortis (i. e., glottal catch) quality of the 

 final consonant of the stem. Compare also, in Type 3, he'iklin 



§ 40 



