BOAS] HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES TAKELMA 109 



f C ( + c ) 1 



Type 10. Verb-stem c + 1? ( + c) C + cJ; aoristc + v + i ^ [( + 'i^). 



This type embraces the few verbs that form their aorist stem by 

 merely repeating the initial consonant of the verb-stem. Of 10a, 

 that is, those that introduce the initial consonant immediately after 

 the stem-vowel, there have been found : 



Verb-stem Aorist stem 



lo"x to play 31.7; (31.6, 8, 9) lo"lf e^ I played 



\a,p'de^ I shall become (25.2) \a.^life^ I became (also of Type 



15a) 186.19 

 l&^wa'ji I shall twine basket la4wa'^« I twined basket (61.7) 



^e^-I-le'(l)^.'mIslialllethimgo Tie^-l-\e'\ek!i^n I let him go 

 (182.20) (50.4) 



The last verb differs from the others in that it repeats in the aorist 

 both the consonant and the vowel of the verb-stem; it is the only 

 verb known which shows perfect duplication of the verb-stem (as- 

 suming the suffixed character of the -Ic!-) .^ Perhaps -leJc!- is misheard 

 for -lelJc!-. 



The only certain example of 10 & is: 



Verb-stem Aorist stem 



Sana'' spear it! (33.9) sans he speared it (110.20) 



The verb-stem here is of Type 5. The simple base (san-) is best 

 seen in the fully reduplicated sd'^nsa'n-sinia^^ they are fighting 

 EACH OTHER 23.14. An aorist of Type 10 h is probably also: 



Jia-u-gwen-yutli'hi ( = *yut!y-[A]i) 

 he gobbled it down (cf. fre- 

 quentative yutluyad-) 

 See also aorist yo'^mV'- under Type 5. Stems of this type are more 

 frequent among nouns than verbs, e. g., hel'p' swan (see § 86, 5). 



Type 11. Verb-stem c-fv-fq + c; aorist c-fv-fc^-fv + c. Verbs 

 belonging to this type differ in the aorist from those of the preceding 

 type in that they introduce before the repeated initial consonant also 

 the vowel of the stem, thus approaching in form the more fully 

 reduplicating Type 13. Only a few examples of the type occur: 



Verb-stem Aorist stem 



loma'lf e^ {a is inorganic) I lomolf e^ I choked 



shall choke 



xalxa'mfe* I shall urinate (cf. xala'xami'e^ I urinated ^ 



xdH-am- urine) 



' There are many apparently perfect duplications of verb-stems in -a-, but the -a- of the second member 

 is never a repetition of the stem-vowel. See Type 12. 



* This verb is better considered as belonging to Type 13o, xalxam- and xalaxam- being respectively 

 dissimilated from *xanxan- and *xanaxan- (see §21). 



§ 40 



