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BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



[bull. 40 



ya"'n- 



Intransitive 



go (aorist) 



from hunt 



wliich case the preceding vowel is generally lengthened; doublets, 

 however, are sometimes found with connecting a. The second vowel 

 of aorist stems is apt to be lengthened in comitative forms, yet not 

 as consistently as in the case of causatives. Differing in this respect 

 from the causative -n-, the comitative suffix does not require the loss 

 of a final aoristic intransitive element (e. g., -i-). From aorist loTioi- 

 DiE are formed lohd^-n- cause to die, but lohoy-agw- die together 

 WITH. The reason seems clear. While the action of a causative verb 

 is logically transitive, that of a comitative is really intransitive, and 

 the verb is only formally transitive. In the former case the subject 

 of the verb does not undergo the action that would be expressed by 

 the intransitive stem (loTioi-) ; in the latter it does. Examples of the 

 comitative are: 



Comitative 



ydnk'"^ he takes it along (lit., 

 he goes having it) 17.13 



yanagwa^nV he will take it along 



ligi^k'"^ he fetched game home 

 70.3 



li^gwa'nF ( = IPg-gwa^nF ) he 

 will fetch game home (130.6) 



gini^gwa'^n I take it to (31.11); 

 also giniy Sigwa'^n (13.12); fu- 

 ture ginagwa'n (=ginag- 

 gwa'n with inorganic a be- 

 cause of preceding n) (146.6) 



dal-yeweysi^li^ he ran away 

 with it 



lyfkVa he travels around with 

 it 14.2 



loHagwa'^n I play with him 

 (124.14) 



l)d'^-wa-da'waya,'''k^'^ he flies 

 with it 



heneneigwa'^n I eat it all (43.12) 



yeweysigwa'^n I fetch them back 

 (30.1; 47.13) 



yawaysigwa'^n I talk about it 

 (lit., I talk having it) 108.12 



ndx-l-he^Sigwa'n I shall sing 

 with pipe in hand 



i-hele^lsigwa'^n I sing with it in 

 hand 



yana- (non-aorist) 



ligi- come home 



(aorist) 

 Wg- (non-aorist) 



giniig)- go to 



dal-yewey- run away 



w*- travel 



loH- play 



daway- fly 



Tienen- use up, be satiated 

 yewey- return 



yaway- 



talk 



Oie^l- sing (non-aorist) 

 [helel- (aorist) 



§ 46 



