boas] 



HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES TAKELMA 



183 



but their non-aorist forms like Class II intransitives. They evidently 

 waver between Class II, to which they seem properly to belong, and 

 the semi- transitive -n- forms. Such are : 



dl-Jc!ala'snsi^n (but also : future dl-k!a'lsidi&^ 



di-k.'ala'sde^) I am lean 

 in my rump 

 di-k!ala'sdsiin. (second per- : future dl-lc.'a^lsidsi^ 



son) 



gwel-sal-tleyesjia^n I have : future-tlelside^ 

 no flesh on my legs and 

 feet 

 It may be observed that the existence of a form like *gwel-sal-t!e%- 

 sinan was denied, so that we are not here dealing with a mere mis- 

 taken mixture of distinct, though in meaning identical, verbs. 



3. The most curious set of verbs belonging to Class IV is formed 

 by a small number of intransitives, as far as signification is concerned, 

 with a thoroughly transitive aorist, but with non-aorist forms 

 belonging entirely to Class II. This is the only group of verbs in 

 which a difference in tense is associated with a radical difference in 

 class. Examples are: 



dd^-sgekliysb'^n I listened 

 dd'^-sgeJc.'iysi^V you listened 

 dd'^-sgekH he listened 102.8 

 'al-we'l:!ala,hi I shine 

 al-we']c!ala,t' you shine 

 aZ-^ye'A:.'aZana^k' we shine 



al-geyan&'^n I turn away 



my face 



' da-smaiiamsJ^n \^ ., 

 •^ )\. smile 



nJ 



future do/^-sge'TcHVe^ 



future al-we'TdalVe^ 



future aZ-iye'Z:.'aZp'igam (third 

 person inferential dl-we'- 



future al-ge'yande^ 

 future da-sma-ima'sde^ 



da-smayamJia,^ 



Ida-smayam he smiles 

 da-smayamanai^k.' we smile 

 To these should probably be added also da-sgayana'^n I lie down 

 (3d da-sgayan), though no future was obtained. Here again it may 

 be noted that the existence of '^da-sma-ima'n as a possible (and indeed 

 to be expected) future of da-smayama'^n was denied.^ 



> There are in Takelma also a number of logically intransitive verbs with transitive forms throughout 

 all the tense-modes: al-xaliyana^k' we are seated (56.2; 150.20); passive al-ialiya'n people ake seated 

 152.18. Similar is sal-xogul they stand; cf. also gel-hcwe'hau he thinks, p. 179, note 1. As these, how- 

 ever, have nothing to mark them off morphologically from ordinary transitives, they give no occasion 

 for special treatment. It is probable that in them the action is conceived of as directed toward some 

 implied third personal object. 



§ 67 



