186 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 40 



lo^-gulugwa'n people are going to play (literally, it is play- 

 intended) 



The passive future in -gvlugwa'n can also be used with the indefinite 

 form in -iau- : 



sana'xiniau-gulugwa'n it is intended, about to be that people 

 fight one another ; there will be fighting 



The extreme of abstract expression seems to be reached in such not 

 uncommon forms as : 



we'^giau-gulugwa'n it was going to be daylight (literally, it was 

 being-daylight intended) 48.13 

 As the suffixed pronominal objects of reciprocal forms are intran- 

 sitive in character, the first element of a periphrastic future of the 

 reciprocal must show an incorporated intransitive pronoun, but of 

 aorist, not future form: 



l-di-lasgi'xanfp'-gulugwaYp' are you going to touch one another? 

 (aorist l-lats!a'xanfp\' future i-lasgi'xanfha^) 



§69. PERIPHRASTIC PHRASES IN na{g)- do, act 



The verbal base na{gY (intransitive na-; transitive na/^g-) has 

 hitherto been translated as say (intransitive), say to (transitive). 

 This, however, is only a specialized meaning of the constantly 

 recurring base, its more general signification being do, act, be in 

 MOTION indefinitely. It is really never used alone, but is regularly 

 accompanied by some preceding word or phrase with which it is 

 connected in a periphrastic construction; the na(g)- form playing 

 the part of an auxiliary. As a verb of saying, na{g)- is regularly 

 preceded by a quotation, or else some word or phrase, generally a 

 demonstrative pronoun, grammatically summarizing the quotation. 

 Properly speaking, then, a sentence like i shall go, he said (to me) 

 { = yanaH'e^ [ga] naga'^^ [or nege's'i]) is rendered in Takelma by i 

 SHALL GO (that) HE DID (ov HE DID TO me), in which the quotation 

 yana'fe^ i shall go, or else its representative ga that, is incorpo- 

 rated as prefix in the general verb of action. 



The most interesting point in connection with periphrastic phrases 

 in na{g)- is the use of a number of invariable, generally monosyl- 

 labic, verbal bases as incorporated prefixes. The main idea, logic- 

 ally speaking, of the phrase is expressed in the prefix, the na{g)~ 



iMost of its forms, as far as known, are listed, for convenience of reference, in Appendix A, pp. 286-90. 

 It will be seen to be irregular in several respects. Examples of its forms are to be found in great number 

 in "Takelma Texts." 



§ 69 



