188 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 40 



Examples of the other elements are : 



ei-s'i'l-naga'^^ ^ he paddled his canoe (literally, he canoe-paddle- 

 did) 13.5 



s-as'-naga'^' he came to a stand 22.6; 31.14, 15; 55.12; 96.23 



s-as--nd°-gi'n I shall bring him to a halt (literally, I shall s'as-- 

 do to him) 



liwa'^-nagalVe' Wookedi (55.6; 78.10, 13; 79.5) 



t'ge'l^-nagait'e^ I fell, dropped down 



fgeP naga^nd'^^V he always fell down 62.8 



tsle'l naga'^^ (bones) rattled (literally, they did tslel) 79.8 



fho'^x naga' they made a racket so as to be heard by them 192.9 



we'li!aTk'-naga'^^ he shines 



sgala'uk'-nagand'^^Y he looked continually moving his head from 

 side to side 144.14, 17 



givelxdd"' le'ijas-na^V his leg was laming 160.17 



p'i'was-naga'^^ he jumped up lightly 48.8 



Syntactically analogous to these are the frequent examples of post- 

 positions (see § 96), adverbs, and local phrases prefixed to forms of 

 the undefined verb of action na{g)-, the exact sense in which the lat- 

 ter is to be taken being determined by the particular circumstances 

 of the locution. Examples are: 



gada'¥-naga'^^ they passed over it (literally, thereon they did) 



190.21 

 ganau-nagana'^lc' he went from one (trap) to another (literally, 



therein he kept doing) 78.5 

 Jiawi-nak'i tell him to wait! (literally, still do to him!) 

 hagwdHa^m (in the road) -naga'^^ (he did) ( = he traveled in the 



road) 

 liaxiya' (in the water) -naga'^^ ( = he went by water) 

 da¥-s-inl'^da (over his nose) -na'bd'°'^lia'n (let us do) (= let us 



[flock of crows] pass over him!) 144.11 

 da'Fdd'^da (over him) -na^' (do!) (= pass over him!) 

 da¥-yawade (over my ribs) -naga'^^ ( =he passed by me) 

 ge (there) -naga'^^ (= they passed there) 144.18 

 he^^-wila'mxa-lii (beyond Mount Wila'mxa) -ndh'"" (do having it!) 



(= proceed with it to beyond Mount Wila'mxa!) 196.14 



These examples serve to indicate, at the same time, that the particles 

 above mentioned stand in an adverbial relation to the na(g)- form: 



s- as- -naga' ^^ he come-to-a-stand-did, like ge naga'^^ he there-did 

 Compare the similar parallelism in Wasco of : 



is-iZ has been found as a prefix also in the comitative ei-s-il-yaangwa'^ni cou^ in a canoe (Uterally, 



I-CANOE-PADDLING-GO-HAVING). 



§ 69 



