BOAS] 



HANDBOOK OF INDIAN- LANGUAGES — TAKELMA 



203 



3. From Class IV verbs: 



l-he^gwa'Vwa (= -he^g'^hag''- 

 Icwa) to work 



From -xa- verbs : 

 lu'^xwa" ( = luk!-xa^) to trap 



From reflexives : 

 t gwd^xa' nf gwide'pxdagwa to 



tattoo himself 

 lu'^xagwant' gwiapxde^V to trap 



for myself 



al-we'Jc!al¥wa to shine 

 da-ho^Yha' xgwa to bubble 

 imder water (observe verb- 

 siifBx -X- of infinitive; but 

 da-holcJoha'Yna^n I make 

 bubbles) 



p'e'lxa to go to war (but also 

 pelxa'Vwa *) 



seHa'mfgwidepxdek' to paint 



myself 

 han-se^gwa'nfgvnapxdeV to 



paddle myself across 



From non-reflexive verbs are derived : 



ga-iwiapxde^V my eating 



6. From transitives: 



p!ala'xbiya to tell you a myth 



\i-¥wa'°-Ti:!wia to wake him 



wuxiapxda"' his coming to get 

 me 



i-gaxga'xgwia to scratch one's 



self 

 l-gi's-gis'ia^ to tickle him 



{%-¥we'^^xiya to wake me (164.20) wayanagwia' to run after him 

 da°'-agania' to hear about it lo^gwia' to play with it 



wa^-i-doxia to gather them domVwia^ to kill him 



The syntactical usage of verbal nouns of action is illustrated in the 

 following examples: 



'huli'7ik''waV¥ 'k!emna'n¥ he will make me tired (literally, my- 

 tiredness he-will-make-it) 



tlomoxa'^da wiyina'^n I help him kill (literally, his-killing [ no ob- 

 ject] I-aid-it) 



Tio'gwax gel-gulugwa'^n I like to run (lit., running I-like-it) (196.8) 



a'lRAf yoklol nexde'Y he does not know what I said (literally, not 

 he-knows-it my-saying) 



xi-^ugwia ga^a^l in order to drink water (literally, water-drinldng 

 for) 



ha-i-]c!iyi'^¥ al-xi'^xhiya ga^a^l he came to see you (literally, he- 

 came seeing-you for) 



I Infinitives in -l-'wa seem sometimes to be formed from other Class I intransitives, e. g., wisma'k'wa 

 TO move; haxa'K-'wda to burn (also haxa'xgwda). 



' Umlauted from H-gi's-gaa-ia. 



8 -fc'toi- here represents objective -fc'wa- umlauted by infinitive ending -(y)a (see § 8). Similarly s-umi'fa 

 TO BOIL IT 170.16 from -t'aya. 



§ 70 



