boas] 



HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES TAKEI^MA 



237 



MY FOREHEAD, occup), together with the evident if not entirely sym- 

 metrical parallelism between the suffixes of both, make it practi- 

 cally certain that they are differentiated, owing to phonetic causes, 

 from a single scheme. The -a- of -da {-dagwa) and -daba^n (as con- 

 trasted with -V and -H'han) may be inorganic in origin, and intended 

 to support phonetically difficult consonant combinations : 



guxda his wife (from *gux-t') 13.2; 43.15; 49.6, like l-lasga'^ touch 

 it (from stem lasg-) 



The -e-, however, of -deV 32.6 and -de^ 31.1; 59.3 can not be thus 

 explained. It is not improbable that part of the endings of Scheme 

 III are due to a loss of an originally present vowel, so that the 

 primary scheme of pronominal suffixes may have been something like: 



Singular: First person, -d-eV; second person, ~d-e^; third person, -t\ 

 Reflexive : Third person, -V-gwa. Plural : First person, -d-a'm,; second 

 person, -f-ha^n. ' 



It can hardly be entirely accidental that all the suffixes are char- 

 acterized by a dental stop ; perhaps an amalgamation has taken place 

 between the original pronominal elements and an old, formerly 

 significant nominal element -d-. 



§ 93. POSSESSIVES WITH PRE-POSITIVES 



As examples of possessive affixes attached to nouns with pre- 

 positives and to local elements may be taken daV- over, wa-^ to, 

 haw-an- under, and Jia-Hu- in hand. 



The apparently double ending -dd^da of the third person of da¥- 

 is not entirely isolated (cf . Jia-ye^wa'x-dd^da in their time of return- 

 ing; Jie'^^-da/^da beyond him), but can not be explained. The use of 



1 It is possible that this wa- is etjrmologically identical with the verbal prefix loa- together. The forms 

 of wa- given above are regularly used when reference is had to persons, the postposition ga-aH being 

 employed in connection with things: wd'ada gini'^k' he went to htm (56.11); 148.6; s-om ga-al gini'^k' 



HE WENT to the MOUNTAIN (43.6). 



§ 93 



