BOAS] HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES TAKELMA 273 



Similarly with, demonstratives : 

 ga' 111 just that, the same 64.6; 96.16; 144.3; 190.21 

 In such cases it is rather difficult to draw the line between it 

 and yd'^,'^ to which it may be appended: 



ga yd'"' hi gwelda^ just under that 190.17 



Ttan-yd'^-hi hd'^-fe'^x just across the river she emerged 58.3 



As emphasizing particle it may even be appended to sub- 

 ordinate verb forms and to local phrases : . 



ydnVe^da^Jit' just as I went (cf. 138.23; 152.5, 7) 

 diha-ude M'' right behind me, as soon as I had gone 



It may be enclitically attached to other particles, yd^^-hi 

 192.1 being a particularly frequent combination: 

 gl^ yaxa'-Tii I, however, indeed 71.8 

 Its signification is not always, however, so specific nor its 

 force so strong. All that can be said of it in many cases 

 is that it mildly calls attention to the preceding word with- 

 out, however, specially emphasizing it ; often its force is prac- 

 tically nil. This lack of definite signification is well illustrated 

 in the following lullaby, in the second line of which it serves 

 merely to preserve the rhythm --: 



mo'xo wa'inTid buzzard, put him. to sleep ! 

 s'l'mliiwa'inlid (?) put him to sleep! 

 jp'e'lda wa'inhd slug, put him to sleep ! 



The most important syntactic function of hi is to make a verbal 

 prefix an independent word, and thus take it out of its proper 

 place in the verb: 



de'-hi ahead (from de- in front) 33.15; 64.3; 196.1; 198.12 



ha'n-hi ei-sdJc''^ across he-canoe-paddled 

 but: 



ei-^an-saZ:'"' he-canoe-across-paddled 112.9, 18; 114.11 



where han-, as an incorporated local prefix, takes its place after 

 the object ei. A number of adverbs always appear with suffixed 

 hi; e. g., gasa'lhi QVICKL.Y 16. 10. Like -^a\ from whichit differs, 

 however, in its far greater mobility, hi is never found appended 

 to non-subordinate predicative forms. With hi must not be 

 confused: 



' The various shades of emphasis contributed by ~a\yd'<i, A£, and-si^, respectively, are well illustrated 

 in ma^a^ you, but you (as contrasted with others); ma ya'a just you, you indeed (simple emphasis with- 

 out necessary contrast); ma' hi you yourself; mas-'i'^ and you, you in your txjkn (108.13) 



3045°— Bull. 40, pt 2— 12 18 § 114 



