BOAS] HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES COOS 311 



A change of a- vowels into e-vowels due to other causes is effected 

 by the pronominal suffixes -il (§ 46), -em (§ 30), and by the imperative 

 -E (§ 43). 



nha'hlHUs I draw it up f^ha'klHUsu he draws me up 



hla'wat he pecks at it 20.14 t^Tc'e'toUu he pecks at me 



kwaafnlya he knows it 26.18 kwee'nlyem they know it 24.22 



jpa'yat he shouted 32.1 l pEl'tE you must shout 32.2 



tsxa^- to kill tsxe'wE kill him! 68.3 



The following suffixes change the e- vowels of the stem into <»- vowels: 

 -dmt, -dts pronominal § 46 

 -dyam distributive § 37 

 -andya § 50 



tctne'herii he is thinking 24.13, ^tcinahand'mi I am thinking 



14 of you 



Jie'wes a lie ^hawasarid'ts you are lying to 



me 

 x'ne'et it is on top 10.1 ^«'n<m^a'yaIamriding(ahorse) 



klle'es black kllad'yam blackish (black here 



and there) 

 xd'nts sick 42.18 xd'nand'ya he made him feel 



sorry 42.18 

 jpLjpd'wts hat 136.14 pLpaf wtsandya he made a hat 



out of it 



[Note.— The suffix -andya is composed of -enl + -ay a. The long d 

 of -dya affects the e of -enl^ and the compound suffix changes the 

 quality of the stem- vowel.] 



Here may also belong the qualitative change of yixP' one and yu'xwd 

 TWO into yixaM'na one each and yuxwaMJna two each (see p. 374), 

 and changes like — 



Is we'ldni hanh we two fight will 116.11 {wU- to fight) 

 qameldnl' we he commenced to swim around {^nil- to swim) 



[Compare also the change of the possessive pronoun Id^ llye^ into la, 

 llya^ when preceding stems with c?- vowels (see § 98).] 



Progressive assimilation occurs very frequently, and affects almost 

 all suffixes that have e- vowels. The following suffixes change their 

 (S- vowels under the influence of an a-vowel of the stem: 



-e auxiliary §44 



-enl verbal §45 



-lye transitional §35 



-etc adverbial §68 



-lyawa nominal §62 § 7 



