392 BXJREAtJ OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bdll. 40 



yauL en dwm'ya xwandj, yixP' dlH hanL ehnUsmitsta'Tm if you 

 don't want it that way, one thing I will teach you 124.7, 8 



. . . yanL yEai' l! to! ate %s he'laq when in another country we 

 two shall arrive 28.23 



j^h'Unt yanhel I guess, I will try, surely (literally, if I shall try, 

 surely; yanLel=yanL-\-U; see § 7) 



§ 92. Exhortative Particles 



26. L MUST, NECESSARILY. It signifies that a certain state of affairs 



or an action must take place. It has therefore the force of an 

 emphatic imperative. It is placed either before or after the 

 verb (or noun), no matter whether the verb is used in its impera- 

 tive form or not. • 



lt(Ma'a%s L (An la' ex close to the shore you (must) go 30.23 



qa' Xante l psl'tE loud you (must) shout (literally, shout upwards) 



30.26 

 In L tdltc xa'ltE ten dafmU don't you do anything to my husband 



(literally, not [must], manner, do it, [to] that my husband) 26.15 

 (Ane^ tUa'qai l you must stay (here) 

 eHsqa^wtya' tanl l you (must) tell a story 38.13, 14 

 Id L UL Ie'yI this must be good (literally, that thing, necessarily, 



should be good) 40.25 



27. JiaintLf tnlLf iL. The exact function of this particle defies all 



attempts at an explanation. It was usually translated by let 



ME, I SHOULD LIKE TO, BETTER (iT WILL BE, IP), whenever it 



referred to the speaker. When referring to the person spoken 

 to or spoken of, it was rendered by better, you may, please, 



A WHILE. 



hamiL nhwina'Pwat I should like to look at him 



TnlL dilte'-' to' hits better hit this one 124.15 



hamiL e^ne xle'Uc e^k'Ii'ntqEm you may with it try 92.1 



hamlL ^hlats please, speak 16.2 



mlL halt! ^ne xle'ito e^L/dts now you with it speak (a while) 16.6 



iL hanL xtcltG xa'lalf what (would be) better to do? 86.10 



In examining these sentences one must arrive at the conclusion that 

 hamlL (or viIl) is of an exhortative character. By its means the 

 speaker either, asks permission of the imaginary person spoken 

 to, to perform a certain action, or he conveys a polite command 

 to the person spoken to. In both cases the granting of the 

 desire is a foregone conclusion. 



§92 



