BOAS] HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES CHUKCHEE 645 



j9, w, as in English. 



V bilabial. 



t as in English. 



S like z in German Zeit, used only in female pronunciation. 



d like English ck in choice. 



j like English jf in joy. 



n as in English. 



L stop produced by the tip of the tongue touching the upper 

 alveoli, back of the tongue pressed against the hard palate, and 

 sudden lateral release with slightlj'^ continued stricture. 



L like i, but sonant. 



I as in German. 



r as in French (hard trill, roue). 



f dental r with weak trill. 



t', d', s*, J*, n', the corresponding consonants strongly palatalized, 

 similar to ty, dy, sy, Jy, ny. 



i' strongly palatalized, intermediate between f and <5, but weaker 

 than either. 



k as in English. 



wkw labialized k. 



ft like n in singing. Voiceless n is always terminal, and appears 

 after terminal t,e. 



g, g \ velars corresponding to h and g; g in this combination 



g {u, o) ) is often labialized. 



h, w^ y, consonantic, as in English. Initial w is sometimes pro- 

 nounced nasally, as in ivo'tqan this one. In my Russian pub- 

 lications I have indicated this nasalization; but it has not been 

 indicated here, since it is not morphologically significant, and 

 seems to be a characteristic feature of the sound, which appears, 

 however, of varying strength. 



d and d'^ which are bracketed in the table of consonants, appear 

 only as the development of a strong palatalization of n*, as in 

 ta'nd'an < ta'n-yan a good one 

 In only one case is initial d found, — di'ndin fire (from stem yni; 

 compare gayi'nla^n the one that has fire). The reduplicated 

 form yinyin changes to yind'in, from which develops — by assimila- 

 tion, d'lnd'm; and by intensification of the obscure vowel, di'ndin. 

 Note. — Examples of the importance of the glottal stops are — 

 i^'rirkin he comes across i'rirkin he hits 



re^'tirkin he rejoices re'tirJcin he brings 



yo^'rkin thou overtakest yo'rJcin thou puttest in 



ye^'tirkin the sky becomes ye'tirkm thou comest 



overcast 

 ie^'d^ cold ie'ie lengthwise 



e^te'purkin it shows itself ete'purkin it grows damp 



52. 



