650 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [boll. 40 



This d is probably developed from e under the influence of the 

 following glottal stop. 



In several suffixes a appears without connection with q or ®. 



vilu'td by means of an ear " 

 vala'ta by means of a knife 



In a few cases a belongs to the group of strong vowels, and is 

 probabh' derived from | under the influence of the glottal stop. 



d^lo' dav 



aHtwei'-nan interjection, what do you call it! 



In several compounds a appears as connecting vowel instead of /. 

 This happens also generally before or after q. The sound of d in 

 these cases is short, and it belongs to the neutral vowels. 



In the words a^'ttm dog, a^'ttim bone, the a^ replaces the weak «*, 

 and is therefore also weak. 



u of diphthongs is generally a n equivalent of lo, vocalized when pre- 

 ceding a consonant. Therefore it is neutral, even if the accent is on 

 the first part of the diphthong, which increases the vocalic character 

 of the u. 



ttil't' urkin he wrestles 

 taikaule'pu from the wrestler 

 updurkm he drinks 



In other cases %i is by origin vocalic, and therefore changes to o or 0. 

 ifu^rlcin it thaws l?*^'^'? while thawing 



but consonantic 



i'ur'kiii he speaks |^'^^? while speaking 



This i'u^ may be explained as originating from I'yu^., where, accord- 

 ing to the rule, the intervocalic y dropped out, strengthening at the 

 same time / to ^. 



Consonantic 20, especially when initial, requires a ?/ preceding it. 

 This ?/, which is simply a strong glottal intonation, is neutral, and 

 drops out after prefixes. 



uwi'rkm he cooks uwe'ma while cooking 



tfiiwi'rJcin he cuts it ofi" tuwe'ma while cutting 



ge'tvilin he cut it 

 luwg/urkin he can not galvaulen being unable to do 



something 

 §3 



