BOAS] HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES CHUKCHEE 651 



Russian loan-words also conform to the rules of vocalic harmony. 

 vi^lktn. fork (Kor. Kam. vi'lka)\ stem vVlJce; Russian BHJKa 

 tu'mtn bag (Kor. Kam. cu'ma); stem cume; Russian cyua 

 kgma'k paper; stem kgmak; Russian Syiaara 

 multmul soap (Kor. Kam. mu'la)\ stem mule; local Russian Myjo, 



instead of mbijo 

 ytku'tilin Yakut; stem ytkut; Russian flKyn. 



2)reka'6ik commercial agent {Kor. preka'ssek)\ Russian npoKamaKi 

 (Kor. Kam. tai'n'ek) teakettle;^ Russian <iauBHKT> 



Compositions conform to the rules of harmony, with very few 

 exceptions. The particles ELo'n and fian enter into close combination 

 with other particles without affecting their vowels: emiLo'n<emi elo'u 

 where is he? euna'n<eun nan so then R41.96. The former com- 

 pound may even form an augmentative emiLonaifiin ? where is he then? 

 43.6. 



In pice'g-tuwa'rkin thou takest off the boots, the second part 

 alone has the ablaut. 



In ceq-a'mninen in different directions, both parts have the 

 ablaut, while the weak forms ciq and emninin would be expected. 



The separate words of the sentence are not affected by these rules. 



§ 4. Initial and Terminal Consonants 



All sounds occur in initial position, except the consonants l, l, 

 6', J', which are not found in uncompounded stems, but seem to be 

 due throughout to assimilation (see § 7). 



L<t+l 6'<i'+y 



L<l+l or r+l j'<d'+y 



All sounds occur as terminals except 



£, £, t\ [d], [6?-], (5-, J, J-, lokw^ f 

 V, h 



I presume the absence of the former group is due to the fact that 

 they are by origin double consonants (see § 5). 



Voiceless n and n appear only as terminal sounds after / and e. 



No clusters of more than two consonants occur. Terminal conso- 

 nantic clusters are not admissible, and are broken either by the intro- 

 duction of an obscure v^owel or by being placed in medial position by 

 the addition of a terminal obscure vowel. It is important to note 

 that the glottal stop does not count as a consonant in these clusters. 

 It always follows a long vowel. 



• Chukchee pi'lhikuk throat-kettle. §4 



