724 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 40 



It may be noted that all demonstratives, except wut-^ En'n-, and 

 no'tm, end in -n which remains in all forms. 



The demonstrative stems have strong vowels, except wut-^ E7i'n-^ 

 and nun. The last of these is treated more frequently as an un- 

 chang-eable stem; for instance, — 



nu'nin-notaVpu from that land, — 

 although the two vowels u and i belong to the weak, changeable group. 



When the demonstratives enter into composition, they take the 

 ending -m, except no' tin. The same ending is found in the interroga- 

 tive me'nm, which, according to the forms with suffixes, must be 

 derived from a stem mik- (see §58, p. 1726). These forms appear in 

 adjectival form in oblique cases. 



wo'tifi-notanqa'tken that one belonging to this countr}'^ 7.1 



wo'tin-irgiro'k that (morning) dawn 10.3 



wu' tin-nu' tek (Kor. Kam, wu'tin-nu'tak) in that country 



mane' n-noiai'jm (Kor. Kam. ma'nen-nota'nqo) from what country. 



Kor. ma' nin-ni'Tcli-ye'Tkryel which stone-pine nut pudding? Kor. 

 34.2 



Kor. m,a'fiin-qai-'fia'wis'qati]c to which small woman? Kor. -34.5 

 For greater emphasis the independent, absolute forms of the demon- 

 strative may be used with the corresponding particle, as given on 

 p. 723, or with repetition of independent form, connected by the 

 particle iim (see also p. 726). 



no'onqan um noon 



Enqa'n utn EnqaJn 130.9, etc. 



The particles are, however, used also independently or combined 

 with various other forms. 



rai 61.8 wo'ten-rai 29.1 



vai 61.9; 62.7; 63.6; 66.30, 35; elo'u um vai 66.29 



71.15; 76.25, 30 elo'h vai 67.33 



nanll.'d, 16; 62.4, 8; 65.1; 66.32 vai um na'n{i) 131.3, 10 

 na'an 63.13 e'nme nan 66.32 



no' on 64.1 Enqa!nu7n vai 130.7 



wot 81.12 wo'tqanm um vai 45.12 



vai nan 62.9 

 wu'iku-m vai 120.11 



Note. — The Koryak form in -qala''ken given in the preceding table 

 of demonstratives is derived from the post-position -qaJ.,- qac (Chukchee 

 -qal,-qac) close to, by the side of. The Koryak suffix -qala'Tcen cor- 



§57 



