BOAS] HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES— CHUKCHEE 763 



It seems possible that the element i in the nominalized verbs is 

 derived from this stem (see note 1 p. 734). 



nu-wa'lom-e-um, I am hearing 

 ni-yi'lqdt-i-um I am sleeping 



§ 76. TO LIVE, TO BE -tvg, 



This stem occurs both in Chukchee and Koryak. It expresses a 

 longer duration than it. 



dqdline'ta ti'tyd^Tc I was in fear 



em-dqdline'td titva'a^Tc I was continually just in fear 



va'rkin (Chukchee), va'ykin (Kor. Kam.) he lives 



awgo'lilca tiiva'rkin I remain without an assistant 124.5 



ni'mnim vai ti'iaceqdl va'rkin a settlement then quite near is 7.7 



i'lvkd qatva'rkin remain without motion! 57.3 



mi'nlcri mititva rlcin how shall I be? 124.3 



em-nu'nihn uni' fikri ni' tvaqen how are those from the mainland? 



13.9 

 wu'iku nitvai'gir j^ou stay here 7. 5 



It is used as a synthetic element in many verbs. 



ratva'rlcin {<ra-tva) he house-lives (i. e., he is at home) 



oratva'rlcDi ( < ora-tva) he stays long 



waqotva'lik {waqo-tva) he (remained) seated 102.24 



a'nqak nimitva'qenat {<7iim-tva settlement remains) they lived 



on the sea 13.3 

 nuwkotitva' qen {<wkot-tva) he was tied 

 gawketitva'ta being tied 122.24 

 qamitva' to eat 

 eulete'l-va'lin being of elongated form 91.15 



In Koryak the stem it occurs much more frequently than tva in 

 independent form. 



En'ni'n va'lni (Chukchee), Ennd'^an i'tala^n (Kor. Kam.) one being 

 thus 

 Still in compounds the stem tva occurs with great frequency. 



vaha'le-tva'ykin (Kor. Kam.) he is seated 

 Some stems when combined with va'lin do not take the ablaut: 

 mifikri-va'lin of what kind 



A O 



me' 6en'Jcu-wa'le-um I am a fairly good one 



A number of stems expressing qualities form adjectival forms by 

 composition with -tva- {it- Koryak), in the form va'lm {%'tdla^n 

 Koryak) (see p. 814). §76 



