BOAS] HANDBOOK OF INDIAN LANGUAGES CHUKCHEE 789 



serve to express a great many modifications or amplifications of the 

 meaning of the stem. It is diflScult to draw a sharp line between the 

 grammatical endings and those that add new significance to the word. 

 From a purely morphological point of view the two classes merge into 

 each other; and neither can a sharp line be drawn between the nomi- 

 nal post-positions treated before, and others of similar meaning, like 

 -nu (p. 798, no. 34), -mil (p. 798, no. 30), -in (see below); nor can the 

 nominalizing endings in -i)i and -n be sharply separated from other, 

 analogous forms. For this reason I repeat the nominal endings here in 

 their proper places with reference to the sections in which they are 

 more fully treated. 



Neither is the line of demarcation clear between affixes and compounds 

 of independent elements. This appears most clearly in those cases in 

 which the same element may appear either as a prefix or as a suffix, 

 like qqi and rriil\ and also in those cases in which an element appears 

 rarely alone. The line of demarcation between particle and incorpor- 

 ated adnominal or adverbial element is indicated through the occurrence 

 or non-occurrence of vocalic harmony in the group. 



The use of affixes is very extended, and a series of prefixes as well 

 as of suffixes ma}' appear combined. 



qcnnitva-that-i-fio' -rlci 11 he begins to gobble down 

 ru-wake-s'(2e-chat-a'a-rTcrn he makes him sit down once with great 

 force. 



§§ 97-112. Suffixes 



§§ 97-109. Notninal Suffixes 



§§ 97-105. DERIVED FROM NOUNS 

 § 97. Nouns in -hi and -n 

 These have been discussed in §§ 45-49, pp. 707-713, and in §§ 51- 

 55, pp. 714-719. Here belong also the nominalized verbs (a) and (b), 

 which have been discussed in §§ 73, 74, pp. 758-762. 



§ 98. Augmentative and Diminutive 

 I. -\n-', subjective -iiilnf augmentative. The suffix forms plural 

 and oblique cases regu]arl3^^ 

 va'ls knife valai'nin large knife 



o O c5 • 



a^'ttin dog a^tti'ynin large dog 



a^ttiyne' pxi from the large dog 



r^mkin people 13.10 ramki'ynm big people 11.3 



Aliohuyawpinachi' ynin old big 

 St. Lawrence man 13.11 



1 Mr. Bogoras thinks that this sufflx may be related to mtin. This does not seem quite probable , 

 because the vowel e of this word is weak. — F.B. 



§§ 97,98. 



