ARKANSAS. 



229 



presents the appearance shown in Fig. 136, the squares indicating the 

 remains of lionses. In this, 1 is the !St. Francis river; 2, 2, parts of the 

 floors of two rooms or houses, the rest having been washed away; 3, a 

 c(miplete square or liouse floor. These squares are composed, as usual, 

 of a hiyer of brick-like substance, with the impressions of gras.s and 

 twigs in it. The edges are all higher and have a tliicker layer of this 

 material than the inner areas. The surface soil has been washed away, 

 leaving these hard floors naked. This layer of burnt clay, except at 

 the edges, is usually al)out .S inches thick. Immediately beneath it is 

 a layer of charcoal and ashes, of about the saiue thickness, aud beneath 

 this black loam. No. 4 in the figure indicates the public road, aud 5, a 

 small clear si)ace between the square and the river. 



Two small circular mounds near by were partially exauiined. Per- 

 mission for further work in them could not tie obtained. In oiu^ were 



Fk;. 136. — House site, St. Fi-anri.s rnuiity, Arkan.^ii.s. 



found burnt clay aud ashes commingled, the body of the mound below 

 this consisting of sand. The other contained no burnt clay or ashes, the 

 to]) layer, 3 feet thick, being black loam, the remainder yellow clay. 



AKKAN8AS COUNTY. 



One of the most remarkable mounds in this state is that called ''the 

 Menard hill" («, Fig. 137, which is a plat of the group), on the farm of 

 Mr. N. Menard, 7 miles west of Arkansas post. Its peculiarity con- 

 sists in its unusual steepness, being, according to Dr. Palmer's measure- 

 ment, 50 feet high and only 150 feet in diameter at the base. It is 

 flanked by two wings, indicated at h and v. The larger of these wings 

 is 150 feet long, 00 feet wide, and 20 ieet high; the smaller is 75 feet 

 long and 7 feet high. 



A slight examination of the main mound, carried down only to the 

 depth of 10 feet, showed that it was composed of a mixture of sandy 



