374 MOUND EXPLORATIONS. 



Irifi'li Wiiti'r. There is a good view of tiu^ valley for 2 or 3 miles down 

 the river from the toj) of the iiioiuid. On the second bottom, (iOO yards 

 northwest of this, is Mound No. 5, somewhat eireular in form, 20 feet 

 in dianiet(M-, and 2A feet liiyli. Immediafely bade of this is a iuji'h 

 ridye terminating- in a elilf almost perpendicular on the side facinji: the 

 creek. 



The other mounds, Nos. 0, 7, and S, are on a liij;h level back of the 

 rid^e. There is a dvx',\> gap, about (!() yards wide, through this ridge 

 directly between Nos. 5 and (!, thus affording an easy i)assageway from 

 one grouj) to the other. 



The lirst of this group explored was No. (J, which is ciicular in form, 

 about 80 feet iu diameter and 8 feet high, and composed entirely of red 

 clay. The i)low had thrown out 1 skeleton ami jienetrated to 2 others, 

 which were found near the surface, but so liadly dciayed that no part 

 of them could be preserved. 



No. 5 was also composed of red clay, but no sign of burial was 

 observ«'d, nor were coals, ashes, oi' anything els*^ of interest I'ound in it. 



The large mfiund. No. 4, was thoroughly overhauled to the base. At 

 the highest ]»oiut, inches below the surlace, was a bed of burned clay, 

 circular in form, about (i feet iu dianuster and 1 foot thick, and burned 

 so hard as to be very difficult to break uj). First, three trenches were 



-^ 



I''i(j. 2-19.— ViTtical 8erti(m of i\w Citico iiiuiuul (Mi-SpinUliii, No, 4). 



run iu from the margin of the mound from the north, south, aiul west 

 sides iutersecting at this clay bed. In cutting these, quite a number 

 of skeletons were unearthed, some within 2 feet of the surface, others at 

 a depth of !> feet, at which dci)tli a bed of yellow sand, slightly ndxed 

 with clay and tirinly i)acke(l, was reached; this lay on the original sur- 

 face of the ground, and extended over the whole area covered by the 

 mound. No skeletons were found in this lower layer or under it. By 

 cutting the trenches in the way described tlie day bed was lelt un- 

 broken until its extent and relation to what lay around it had been 

 ascertained. It was then found that, instead of tlier(^ being a single 

 clay bed, this was the top one of a series of live. The one in ([uestion 

 was level; the others were saucer shaped, as slu)wu at a ti, Fig. 249, 

 each extending upward and outward to the sloi)e of the 7uound, each 

 su(;ceeding one larger than the one above it, the lowest nu'asuring 12 

 feet in diameter. Alternating with them were layers of ashes; each 

 resting on its corresponding layer of clay. About 3.i feet below these 

 was another layer of red clay {h h) burned very lianl, circular in out- 

 line, saucer- shaped, and .'5 inches thick. This did not run out to the 



